aithris

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ˈahɪɾʲɪʃ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish aithris f (“relation; imitation”).

Noun

aithris f (genitive singular as substantive aithrise, genitive as verbal noun aithriste)

1. verbal noun of aithris
2. narration
3. imitation
4. mimicry

Declension

Verbal noun

Declension of aithris (second declension, no plural)

bare forms case singular nominative aithris vocative a aithris genitive aithriste dative aithris forms with the definite article case singular nominative an aithris genitive na haithriste dative leis an aithris don aithris

Substantive

Declension of aithris (second declension, no plural)

bare forms case singular nominative aithris vocative a aithris genitive aithrise dative aithris forms with the definite article case singular nominative an aithris genitive na haithrise dative leis an aithris don aithris

Alternative forms

• aithrist

Etymology 2

From Old Irish aithrisid (“repeats, tells; imitates”, verb), from aithris f.

Verb

aithris (present analytic aithrisíonn, future analytic aithriseoidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste) or
aithris (present analytic aithriseann, future analytic aithrisfidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste) (transitive, intransitive)

1. narrate, recite
2. imitate
3. mimic, mock

Conjugation

conjugation of aithris (second conjugation)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	aithrisím	aithrisíonn tú; aithrisír†	aithrisíonn sé, sí	aithrisímid; aithrisíonn muid	aithrisíonn sibh	aithrisíonn siad; aithrisíd†	a aithrisíonn; a aithrisíos / a n-aithrisíonn*	aithrisítear
	past	d'aithris mé; d'aithrisíos / aithris mé‡; aithrisíos‡	d'aithris tú; d'aithrisís / aithris tú‡; aithrisís‡	d'aithris sé, sí / aithris sé, sí‡	d'aithrisíomar; d'aithris muid / aithrisíomar‡; aithris muid‡	d'aithris sibh; d'aithrisíobhair / aithris sibh‡; aithrisíobhair‡	d'aithris siad; d'aithrisíodar / aithris siad‡; aithrisíodar‡	a d'aithris / ar aithris*	aithrisíodh; haithrisíodh†
	past habitual	d'aithrisínn / aithrisínn‡; n-aithrisínn‡‡	d'aithrisíteá / aithrisíteá‡; n-aithrisíteᇇ	d'aithrisíodh sé, sí / aithrisíodh sé, sí‡; n-aithrisíodh sé, s퇇	d'aithrisímis; d'aithrisíodh muid / aithrisímis‡; aithrisíodh muid‡; n-aithrisímis‡‡; n-aithrisíodh muid‡‡	d'aithrisíodh sibh / aithrisíodh sibh‡; n-aithrisíodh sibh‡‡	d'aithrisídís; d'aithrisíodh siad / aithrisídís; aithrisíodh siad‡; n-aithrisídís‡‡; n-aithrisíodh siad‡‡	a d'aithrisíodh / a n-aithrisíodh*	d'aithrisítí / aithrisítí‡; n-aithrisít퇇
future		aithriseoidh mé; aithriseod; aithriseochaidh mé†	aithriseoidh tú; aithriseoir†; aithriseochaidh tú†	aithriseoidh sé, sí; aithriseochaidh sé, sí†	aithriseoimid; aithriseoidh muid; aithriseochaimid†; aithriseochaidh muid†	aithriseoidh sibh; aithriseochaidh sibh†	aithriseoidh siad; aithriseoid†; aithriseochaidh siad†	a aithriseoidh; a aithriseos; a aithriseochaidh†; a aithriseochas† / a n-aithriseoidh*; a n-aithriseochaidh*†	aithriseofar; aithriseochar†
conditional		d'aithriseoinn; d'aithriseochainn† / aithriseoinn‡; aithriseochainn†‡; n-aithriseoinn‡‡; n-aithriseochainn†‡‡	d'aithriseofá; d'aithriseochthᆠ/ aithriseofá‡; aithriseochthᆇ; n-aithriseofᇇ; n-aithriseochthᆇ‡	d'aithriseodh sé, sí; d'aithriseochadh sé, s토/ aithriseodh sé, sí‡; aithriseochadh sé, s톇; n-aithriseodh sé, s퇇; n-aithriseochadh sé, s톇‡	d'aithriseoimis; d'aithriseodh muid; d'aithriseochaimis†; d'aithriseochadh muid† / aithriseoimis‡; aithriseodh muid‡; aithriseochaimis†‡; aithriseochadh muid†‡; n-aithriseoimis‡‡; n-aithriseodh muid‡‡; n-aithriseochaimis†‡‡; n-aithriseochadh muid†‡‡	d'aithriseodh sibh; d'aithriseochadh sibh† / aithriseodh sibh‡; aithriseochadh sibh†‡; n-aithriseodh sibh‡‡; n-aithriseochadh sibh†‡‡	d'aithriseoidís; d'aithriseodh siad; d'aithriseochadh siad† / aithriseoidís‡; aithriseodh siad‡; aithriseochadh siad†‡; n-aithriseoidís‡‡; n-aithriseodh siad‡‡; n-aithriseochadh siad†‡‡	a d'aithriseodh; a d'aithriseochadh† / a n-aithriseodh*; a n-aithriseochadh*†	d'aithriseofaí; d'aithriseochtha토/ aithriseofaí‡; aithriseochtha톇; n-aithriseofa퇇; n-aithriseochtha톇‡
subjunctive	present	go n-aithrisí mé; go n-aithrisíod†	go n-aithrisí tú; go n-aithrisír†	go n-aithrisí sé, sí	go n-aithrisímid; go n-aithrisí muid	go n-aithrisí sibh	go n-aithrisí siad; go n-aithrisíd†	—	go n-aithrisítear
	past	dá n-aithrisínn	dá n-aithrisíteá	dá n-aithrisíodh sé, sí	dá n-aithrisímis; dá n-aithrisíodh muid	dá n-aithrisíodh sibh	dá n-aithrisídís; dá n-aithrisíodh siad	—	dá n-aithrisítí
imperative		aithrisím	aithris	aithrisíodh sé, sí	aithrisímis	aithrisígí; aithrisídh†	aithrisídís	—	aithrisítear
verbal noun		aithris
past participle		aithriste

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

Alternative conjugation

conjugation of aithris (first conjugation – B)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	aithrisim	aithriseann tú; aithrisir†	aithriseann sé, sí	aithrisimid	aithriseann sibh	aithriseann siad; aithrisid†	a aithriseann; a aithriseas / a n-aithriseann*	aithristear
	past	d'aithris mé; d'aithriseas / aithris mé‡; aithriseas‡	d'aithris tú; d'aithrisis / aithris tú‡; aithrisis‡	d'aithris sé, sí / aithris sé, sí‡	d'aithriseamar; d'aithris muid / aithriseamar‡; aithris muid‡	d'aithris sibh; d'aithriseabhair / aithris sibh‡; aithriseabhair‡	d'aithris siad; d'aithriseadar / aithris siad; aithriseadar‡	a d'aithris / ar aithris*	aithriseadh; haithriseadh†
	past habitual	d'aithrisinn / aithrisinn‡; n-aithrisinn‡‡	d'aithristeá / aithristeá‡; n-aithristeᇇ	d'aithriseadh sé, sí / aithriseadh sé, sí‡; n-aithriseadh sé, s퇇	d'aithrisimis; d'aithriseadh muid / aithrisimis‡; aithriseadh muid‡; n-aithrisimis‡‡; n-aithriseadh muid‡‡	d'aithriseadh sibh / aithriseadh sibh‡; n-aithriseadh sibh‡‡	d'aithrisidís; d'aithriseadh siad / aithrisidís‡; aithriseadh siad‡; n-aithrisidís‡‡; n-aithriseadh siad‡‡	a d'aithriseadh / a n-aithriseadh*	d'aithristí / aithristí‡; n-aithrist퇇
future		aithrisfidh mé; aithrisfead	aithrisfidh tú; aithrisfir†	aithrisfidh sé, sí	aithrisfimid; aithrisfidh muid	aithrisfidh sibh	aithrisfidh siad; aithrisfid†	a aithrisfidh; a aithrisfeas / a n-aithrisfidh*	aithrisfear
conditional		d'aithrisfinn / aithrisfinn‡; n-aithrisfinn‡‡	d'aithrisfeá / aithrisfeá‡; n-aithrisfeᇇ	d'aithrisfeadh sé, sí / aithrisfeadh sé, sí‡; n-aithrisfeadh sé, s퇇	d'aithrisfimis; d'aithrisfeadh muid / aithrisfimis‡; aithrisfeadh muid‡; n-aithrisfimis‡‡; n-aithrisfeadh muid‡‡	d'aithrisfeadh sibh / aithrisfeadh sibh‡; n-aithrisfeadh sibh‡‡	d'aithrisfidís; d'aithrisfeadh siad / aithrisfidís‡; aithrisfeadh siad‡; n-aithrisfidís‡‡; n-aithrisfeadh siad‡‡	a d'aithrisfeadh / a n-aithrisfeadh*	d'aithrisfí / aithrisfí‡; n-aithrisf퇇
subjunctive	present	go n-aithrise mé; go n-aithrisead†	go n-aithrise tú; go n-aithrisir†	go n-aithrise sé, sí	go n-aithrisimid; go n-aithrise muid	go n-aithrise sibh	go n-aithrise siad; go n-aithrisid†	—	go n-aithristear
	past	dá n-aithrisinn	dá n-aithristeá	dá n-aithriseadh sé, sí	dá n-aithrisimis; dá n-aithriseadh muid	dá n-aithriseadh sibh	dá n-aithrisidís; dá n-aithriseadh siad	—	dá n-aithristí
imperative		aithrisim	aithris	aithriseadh sé, sí	aithrisimis	aithrisigí; aithrisidh†	aithrisidís	—	aithristear
verbal noun		aithris
past participle		aithriste

*indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

Derived terms

• aithriseach m (“talebearer”)
• aithriseach, aithrisiúil (“imitative; mocking; mimetic”, adjective)
• aithriseoir m (“reciter; imitator; mimic”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of aithris

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
aithris	n-aithris	haithris	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “aithris”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aiṫris”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 22
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aiṫrisim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 22

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish aithris (“act of telling, relating; relation, account; act of imitating, copying; imitation; example”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaɾʲɪʃ/

Verb

aithris (past dh'aithris, future aithrisidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste)

1. report, relate, recite, allege, repeat
2. narrate, enunciate, rehearse
3. quote, tell
4. imitate

Derived terms

• aithris-leabhar (“commonplace book, notebook, day-book”)
• ath-aithris (“repeat, imitate”)
• atharrais (“re-tell, imitate”)
• mì-aithris (“miscite”)
• roimh-aithris (“previously rehearse; forebode, foretell”)

 

Noun

aithris f (genitive singular aithrise, plural aithrisean)

1. verbal noun of aithris
2. report, allegation, narration, narrative
3. recitation, rehearsal, recital
4. report, statement
5. imitation
6. tradition, tale

Derived terms

• às-aithris (“quotation”)
• beul-aithris (“oral representation or tradition”)
• buaidh-aithriseach (“attributive”)
• feall-aithris (“pretence”)
• fìor-aithris (“veracity, speaking of truth, true tale”)
• roimh-aithris (“previous rehearsal; foreboding, foretelling”)

 

References

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aithris”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Edward Dwelly (1911) “aithris”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN