abrier

French

Alternative forms

• abriller

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French abrier (“to cover”), itself mostly likely from Late Latin aprīcāre, from Latin aprīcārī (“warm in the sun”), from aprīcus (“sunny”). The form abrier may have been of southern French origin, possibly via Old Occitan abriar (cf. the dialectal French form avrier). Compare Occitan, Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese abrigar.

Alternatively, and less likely, from a Late Latin *abrīgāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brīgāre, from Frankish *berīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werḱ-, *werǵ- (“to twist, weave, tie together”). Cognate with Old High German birīhan (“to cover”), Old English bewrēon (“to cover, enwrap, protect”). Compare Spanish abrigar, which may be related; alternatively, both may derive from a Latin aprīcō, aprīcāre.

Late Latin *abrīgāre may have also been crossed with Frankish *bergan (“to take care of, protect, hide”), from Proto-Germanic *berganą (“to care for”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to take care”), due to similarity in form and meaning. If so, this would relate the word also to Old High German bergan (“to shelter”) (German bergen), and Old English beorgan (“to save, preserve”). More at borrow.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.bʁi.je/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

abrier

1. (dialectal) to cover with a bedcover; to tuck in
2. (archaic or dialectal) Alternative form of abriter

Conjugation

Conjugation of abrier (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	abrier
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	abriant /a.bʁi.jɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		abrié /a.bʁi.je/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	abrie /a.bʁi/	abries /a.bʁi/	abrie /a.bʁi/	abrions /a.bʁi.jɔ̃/	abriez /a.bʁi.je/	abrient /a.bʁi/
	imperfect	abriais /a.bʁi.jɛ/	abriais /a.bʁi.jɛ/	abriait /a.bʁi.jɛ/	abriions /a.bʁi.jɔ̃/	abriiez /a.bʁi.je/	abriaient /a.bʁi.jɛ/
	past historic2	abriai /a.bʁi.je/	abrias /a.bʁi.ja/	abria /a.bʁi.ja/	abriâmes /a.bʁi.jam/	abriâtes /a.bʁi.jat/	abrièrent /a.bʁi.jɛʁ/
	future	abrierai /a.bʁi.ʁe/	abrieras /a.bʁi.ʁa/	abriera /a.bʁi.ʁa/	abrierons /a.bʁi.ʁɔ̃/	abrierez /a.bʁi.ʁe/	abrieront /a.bʁi.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	abrierais /a.bʁi.ʁɛ/	abrierais /a.bʁi.ʁɛ/	abrierait /a.bʁi.ʁɛ/	abrierions /a.bʁi.ʁjɔ̃/	abrieriez /a.bʁi.ʁje/	abrieraient /a.bʁi.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	abrie /a.bʁi/	abries /a.bʁi/	abrie /a.bʁi/	abriions /a.bʁi.jɔ̃/	abriiez /a.bʁi.je/	abrient /a.bʁi/
	imperfect2	abriasse /a.bʁi.jas/	abriasses /a.bʁi.jas/	abriât /a.bʁi.ja/	abriassions /a.bʁi.ja.sjɔ̃/	abriassiez /a.bʁi.ja.sje/	abriassent /a.bʁi.jas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	abrie /a.bʁi/	—	abrions /a.bʁi.jɔ̃/	abriez /a.bʁi.je/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• abri

Further reading

• “abrier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• barrie, braire

Norman

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abriːe/, /abriːje/

Verb

abrier

1. (Jersey) to shelter

Derived terms

• s'abrier (“to take shelter”)

References

• Spence, N.C.W. (1960). Glossary of Jersey-French. Oxford: Blackwell. p. 40.

Old French

Etymology

Mostly likely from Late Latin apricāre, from Latin aprīcārī (“warm in the sun”), from aprīcus (“sunny”). The form abrier may have been of southern French origin, possibly via Old Occitan abriar (cf. the dialectal French form avrier). Compare Occitan, Catalan, Spanish and Portuguese abrigar.

Alternatively, and less likely, from a Late Latin *abrigāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brigare, from Frankish *berīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werḱ-, *werǵ- (“to twist, weave, tie together”). Cognate with Old High German birīhan (“to cover”), Old English bewrēon (“to cover, enwrap, protect”). Compare Spanish abrigar, which may be related; alternatively, both may derive from a Latin aprīcō, aprīcāre.

Verb

abrier

1. to shelter
2. (reflexive, s'abrier) to take shelter; to shelter oneself

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of abrier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		abrier			avoir abrïé
gerund		en abriant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		abriant
past participle		abrïé
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	abri	abrïes	abrïe	abrions	abrïez	abrïent
	imperfect	abrioie, abrïeie, abrioe, abrïeve	abrioies, abrïeies, abrioes, abrïeves	abrioit, abrïeit, abriot, abrïeve	abriiiens, abriiens	abriiiez, abriiez	abrioient, abrïeient, abrioent, abrïevent
	preterite	abriai	abrias	abria	abriames	abriastes	abrïerent
	future	abrïerai	abrïeras	abrïera	abrïerons	abrïeroiz, abrïereiz, abrïerez	abrïeront
	conditional	abrïeroie, abrïereie	abrïeroies, abrïereies	abrïeroit, abrïereit	abrïeriiens, abrïeriens	abrïeriiez, abrïeriez	abrïeroient, abrïereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	abri	abris	abrit	abrions	abrïez	abrïent
	imperfect	abriasse	abriasses	abriast	abriissons, abriissiens	abriissoiz, abriissez, abriissiez	abriassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	abrïe	—	abrions	abrïez	—

Derived terms

• abri

Descendants

• French: abrier