Wiktionary:About Salar

This is a Wiktionary policy, guideline or common practices page. Specifically it is a policy think tank, working to develop a formal policy. Policies – Entries: CFI - EL - NORM - NPOV - QUOTE - REDIR - DELETE. Languages: LT - AXX. Others: BLOCK - BOTS - VOTES.

Main category: Salar language

Salar spelling in Wiktionary

We use the TB30 Alphabet.

TB30 Aa Bb Cc Çç Dd Ee Ff Gg Ğğ Hh İi Iı Kk Ll Mm Nn Ññ Oo Öö Pp Qq Rr Ss Şş Tt Uu Üü Yy Vv Zz

Vowels

• a corresponds to /ɑ/, /ɑː/ in IPA.
• e corresponds to /e/, /eː/, /æ/, /æː/ in IPA.
• ı corresponds to /ɨ/, /ɨː/, /ɯ/, /ɯː/ in IPA.
• i corresponds to /i/, /iː/ in IPA.
• o corresponds to /o/, /oː/ in IPA.
• ö corresponds to /ø/, /øː/ in IPA.
• u corresponds to /u/, /uː/ in IPA.
• ü corresponds to /y/, /yː/ in IPA.

Consonants

• t corresponds to /tʰ/ in IPA, but, in Xinjiang Salar /t/ between vowels. (Always /tʰ/ in Xunhua)
• d corresponds to /t/ in IPA, but, in Xinjiang Salar /d/ between vowels. (Always /t/ in Xunhua)
• k corresponds to /kʰ/ in IPA, but /x/ between vowels and at the end of the syllable.
• q corresponds to /qʰ/ in IPA, but /χ/ between vowels and at the end of the syllable.
• g corresponds to /k/ before and after front vowels, /q/ before and after back vowels in IPA, but /ɣ/ between vowels.
• ğ corresponds to /ʁ/ in IPA. (Always comes after back vowels.)
• p corresponds to /pʰ/ in IPA.
• b corresponds to /p/ in IPA, but /b/ between vowels.
• ç corresponds to /tɕ/, /tɕʰ/, /tʃ/, /tʃʰ/, /t͡s/, /t͡sʰ/, /ʝʰ/, /ʒʰ/ in IPA.
• c corresponds to /ʝ/, /ʒ/ in IPA.
• ş corresponds to /ɕ/, /ɕʰ/, /ʃ/, /ʃʰ/ in IPA.
• s corresponds to /s/ in IPA.
• r corresponds to /ɹ/, /r/, /ʐ/ in IPA.
• tt corresponds to /ʰt/ in IPA.
• dd corresponds to /ᶴt/ in IPA.
• gg corresponds to /ᶴk/ in IPA.
• çç corresponds to /ᶴt͡ʃ/ in IPA. (only in pıççaq)
• tl corresponds to /ʰl/ in IPA.
• tm -> If the suffix is not a derivational suffix, the letter t before the letter m is pronounced as /ʰ/. (E.g. oynatmiş /ojnɑʰmiʃ/, pütmiş /pʰyʰmiʃ/, but ehmek)

Salar Dialects

Acc. to Tenishev's work:

There are two main dialects in Salar: Altiuli (Jiezi) and Mınta (Mengda). Jiezi/Gaizi, Chahandusi, Qingshui, Baizhuang in Xunhua are Jiezi and the most common dialects, and there is less common Mengda dialect too. Qingshui and Baizhuang are transitional dialects, they have both dialectal features but mainly they are Jiezi too.

• Initial:

  Old Turkic initial-b is /v/ in Jiezi, /b/, /p/ in Mengda. We should prefer v letter for these words.

  Reasons: /v/ is the most common. (If you don't agree, please discuss)

  Old Turkic initial-t is /t/ in Jiezi, but /ʒ/ in Mengda. We should prefer d letter for these words.

  Reasons: /t/ is the most common. We don't have to create new pages in this way, Turkish and Azerbaijani would have. (If you don't agree, please discuss)

• Middle:

  Old Turkic b between vowels is /v/ in Salar. We should prefer v letter.

  Reasons: /v/ is the most common. (If you don't agree, please discuss)

  Old Turkic p after long vowel is /v/ or /w/ in Salar (/b/ in western Oghuzs). We should prefer v letter.

  Reasons: /v/ is the most common. (If you don't agree, please discuss)

  Old Turkic č after long vowel is /ʝ/ in Salar (/dʒ/ in western Oghuzs), but if it has an hard consonant like /x/, it may be /tʃ/. As in açıq#Salar and quçaq#Salar. We should prefer c for /ʝ/, ç for /tʃ/ letter.

  Reasons: They pronounce so. (If you don't agree, please discuss)

• Final:

  Old Turkic final-č is /ʃ/ in Salar, but if it has a suffix starts with a vowel, it becomes /tʃ/ as in aş#Salar -> açıl#Salar. We should prefer ş for /ʃ/, ç for /tʃ/ letter. (If the final-č is not /ʃ/, it will correspond to the sound /dʒ/ in Azerbaijani and it is a dialect, its pronunciation with /ʝ/ should be more common. See uc#Salar and uş#Salar. But only at the end of the word can such a dialect be found, with a low probability. The sound that should be /ʝ/ in the middle is not recorded as /tʃ/ at all, with the exceptions mentioned above.)

  Reasons: They pronounce so. (If you don't agree, please discuss)

• Vowels:

  Sometimes Old Turkic initial-a and -e is /ɨ/, /ɯ/, /i/ in Jiezi, /ɑ/, /e/ in Mengda. We should prefer a and e letter for these words.

  Reasons: /ɑ/ and /ɨ/, /e/ and /i/ can change in Salar. E.g; bala -> balılar, gece -> gecisi (We prefer to spell as balalar and gecesi). We should prefer the standart form. We don't have to create new pages in this way. (If you don't agree, please discuss)

  Old Turkic initial-ö is /ø/ in Jiezi, /o/ in Mengda. We should prefer ö letter for these words.

  Reasons: /ø/ is the most common. Also it does not lack vowel harmony. (If you don't agree, please discuss)

  Before the /v/ and /w/, vowels are more rounded than it is in Old Turkic. (tavışgan > dovşan, taguk > tovaq, sāpan > sovan, çībin > cüvin/cüyin, etc.)

References

1. {{R:slr:Kunlun}} literally doesn't have any difference between /ʝ/ and /ç/ or /tʃ/, both shown as /tɕ/. Don't use this work for such pronunciations. According to this study, there are two voices, /tɕ/ and /tɕʰ/, while we represent them both with ç letter. Same is seen in {{R:slr:MaWei}}, {{R:slr:MaWei2}}. In this case, we will not use the letter c at all? Yes, we will. {{R:slr:Yakup}}, {{R:slr:Stroy}}, {{R:slr:Potanin}}, {{R:slr:MaChengjun}}, {{R:slr:Kakuk}} have /ʝ/ (or /dʒ/) sound. Potanin's ч is ç, dʒ is c; Yakup's ʝ is c, ç is ç; Tenishev's ǰ, ǰ', ʒ, ʒ' are c, Tenishev's c, č, ç, c', č', ç' are ç; Kakuk's dž is c, č is ç. Also {{R:slr:Lianyun}} has /dʒ/, /dʐ/ and /tʃ/, /tʂ/. Use these studies for the difference between c and ç.