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User:Victar/German Low German normalisation

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Short vowels

[edit]
Grapheme Phoneme Example
en.Wikt Others
a[1][2][3] /a ~ ɑ/ Backes
ä ϵ[4] /ɛ/ Bäggekriut
e[3] /e/, /ə/[5] Berre
ë /ə/ [Term?]
i[1] /ɪ/ finden (/⁠fɪndən⁠/, “to find”)
o[1] ꜵ[4] /ɔ/ Kopp (/⁠kɔp⁠/, “head”) (Mrk., LPr., Wph.)
ö[1] /œ ~ ø/ köpps
u[1] /ʊ ~ ʉ/ lummem
ü[1][3] /ʏ ~ y/ Sünne (/⁠sʏnə⁠/, “sun”) (LPr., Wph. (Bnth., Wstm.))
cf. Sunne (/⁠sʊnə⁠/) (Mrk., Wph.)

Long vowels

[edit]
Grapheme Phoneme Example
en.Wikt Others
aa[2][2] ā[1][3] /aː ~ ɒː/ Daaler
ää ǟ[1], ę /ɛː/ Gäte (/⁠gɛːtə⁠/)
ee ē[1] /eː/ Fleeg (/⁠fleːɣ⁠/, “fly”) (LPru., Mark.)
cf. Flege (/⁠fleːɣə⁠/) (Wph.), Flaoige (/⁠flɔːɪɣə⁠/) (Wph. (EWph.)), Flaige (/⁠flaɪɣə⁠/), Floige (/⁠flɔɪɣə⁠/), Flauege (/⁠flaʊəɣə⁠/), Flieje (/⁠fliejə⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.)), flaẹ̆ge (/⁠fl??ɣə⁠/) (Wph. (Dort.))
ie ī[1][3] /iː/ Wien (/⁠viːn⁠/, “wine”)
oa[6] å[7] /ɔː/ Fraoge (/⁠frɔːɣə⁠/, “question”) (LPrs., Mark., Wph.)
cf. Froge (/⁠froːɣə⁠/) (Wph. (EWPh., Sauer.)), Frauge (/⁠fraʊɣə⁠/) (Wph. (EWPh.))
oo ō[1][3] /oː/ Boom (/⁠broːm⁠/, “tree”)
öö ȫ[1] /øː ~ œː/ Döör (/⁠døːr⁠/, “door”)
uu ū[1][8][3] /uː/ Huus (/⁠huːs⁠/, “house”) (Mrk., LPrs., Wph.)
cf. Hius (/⁠hɪʊs⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer., EWPh.)), Höis (/⁠hœɪs⁠/), Höus (/⁠hœʊs⁠/), Hiës (/⁠hiəs⁠/), Höüs (/⁠hœʏs⁠/), Hous (/⁠hɔʊs⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.)), Huss (/⁠hʊs⁠/) (Hagenburgerisch)
üü[8] ǖ[1] /yː/ Müüs (/⁠myːs⁠/, “mouse”)

Diphthongs

[edit]
Grapheme Phoneme Example
en.Wikt Others
ai[1][2] aⁱ[3] /ai̭/ raine
aai aaj[2] /aːɪ/ swaait
au[1][2][3] /au̯/ Blaut
äi[1][2] /ɛːɪ/ Gäite (/⁠gɛːɪtə⁠/, “goat”), Wäite (/⁠vɛːɪdə⁠/, “pasture”)
äo[1] /ɛɔ/ Bräod (/⁠brɛɔt⁠/, “bread”) (Wph. (Sauer.))

cf. Brood (/⁠broːt⁠/) (Mark., Mckl., Wph. (WMun.)), Brod (/⁠brɔt⁠/) (LPru.), Braọ̆d (/⁠braʊt⁠/) (Wph. (Dort.)), Braud (/⁠braʊt⁠/) (Wph. (Lipp., Sauer.)), Breiet (/⁠breiet⁠/), Broid (/⁠brɔit⁠/), Broud (/⁠broʊt⁠/), Broed (/⁠broːet⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.))

äu /ɛu/ [Term?]
ei[3] ey[1] /ei̯/ Beile
oi[1] eu[8] /ɔi̯/ Boime
ou[2] /oʊ/ Wounde (/⁠voʊndə⁠/, “wound”) (Wph. (Bnth.))

cf. Wunne (/⁠vʊnə⁠/) (Wph.), Wunde (/⁠vʊndə⁠/) (Mckl., Wph. (Sauer.)), Wunge (/⁠vʊnɣə⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.))
Frou (/⁠froʊ⁠/, “woman”) (Wph. (WMun.))
cf. Frau (/⁠Frau⁠/) (Wph. (Bnth., Sauer.)), Frue (/⁠frʊə⁠/) (), Fruu (/⁠fruː⁠/) (Mrk.), Früwwe (/⁠frʏvə⁠/) (Wph. (Rav.)), Frugge (/⁠frʊɣə⁠/), Frogge (/⁠frɔɣə⁠/), Fraue (/⁠fraʊə⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.)), Fraọ̆ (/⁠fraɔ⁠/) (Wph. (SWPh.))<

öi /œi̯ ~ øi̯/ stöind
öu /œʊ/ [Term?]
öü /œʏ ~ øʏ/ [Term?]
iu[1] /iu/
ui[1] /ui/ Fuistling
iä[1] iǽ[9] /i̯ɛ ~ i̯æ/ Piärd (/⁠pɪɛɐt⁠/, “horse”) (Mckl., Wph. (Bnth., EWPh., Sauer.))

cf. Peerd (/⁠peːɐt⁠/) (LPrs., Mckl., Wph.), Pärd (/⁠pɛɐt⁠/) (Mrk., Wph. (EWPh.)), Päärd (/⁠pɛːɐt⁠/), (Wph. (WMun.))

je ⁱę, ię[3], ĭɛ[10] /i̯e/
ië īe[1], ⁱe, ie[3] /iə/ Siëge (/⁠siəɣə⁠/, “goat”) (Mckl., Wph. (Bnth., EWPh., Sauer.))

cf. Zäge (/⁠zɛːɣə⁠/) (LPrs., Mckl., Wph.), Zege (/⁠zeːɣə⁠/) (Wph. (EWPh., WMun.)), Siëje (/⁠siːəjə⁠/) (Wph. (Lipp.)), Seje (/⁠seːjə⁠/), (Wph. (Sauer.)), Sege (/⁠seːɣə⁠/) (Wph. (Bnth.))

ua[1] ᵘą, uą[3], ŭɒ[10] /u̯a/ Buast (/⁠bu̯ast⁠/, “chest”)
ue[1] /u̯e/ bueseln
uo uó̜[9] /u̯o/ duorp (/⁠du̯orp⁠/, “village”)
üe[1] y̯e[10] /ʏ̯e ~ y̯e/ Büen
üö[1] üö̜, üö̜[3], yǿ̜[10] /ʏ̯œ ~ y̯œ ~ ʏ̯ø ~ y̯ø/ düör

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 Pilkmann-Pohl, Reinhard, editor (1988), Plattdeutsches Wörterbuch des kurkölnischen Sauerlandes (in German), Arnsberg: Strobel-Verlag, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Friedrich, Fenna, Olthuis, Gerhard, Rieger, Gerda, Rötterink, Albert, Stegemerten, Gertrud, editors (2009), Grafschafter Platt: Wörterbuch Hochdeutsch-Plattdeutsch für Kindertageseinrichtungen und Grundschulen der Grafschaft Bentheim (Das Bentheimer Land) (in German), volume 179, Uelsen: Groafschupper Plattproater Kring, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 Grimme (1922)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Baader
  5. ^ _(n)#
  6. ^ Template:R:nds:WWM
  7. ^ Woeste
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Schierholz, Sabine, editor (2019 (1st ed. 2003)), Lippisches Wörterbuch [Lippsket Weorterbeok]‎[1] (in German), 2nd edition, Lippischer Heimatbund e.V.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Frebel (1957)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Beisenherz (1907)
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