User:Sartma/akk-adjective

Paradigm

Default headword paradigm for Akkadian adjectives

• PaRSum (feminine: PaRVStum, masculine plural: PaRSūtum, feminine plural: PaRSātum, predicative: PaRVS)

Where P-R-S represent R₁-R₂-R₃ of a typical Akkadian trisyllabic root, and V a vowel.

Details

1. Default V for adjective is /i/ (or /e/, in ajdectives that have /e/ instead of /a/):
   • damqum > damiqtum, damiq
   • ellum > elletum, ellētum, el
2. A minor number of adjectives have a different vowel, that will have to be specified as a parameter:
   • /a/: rapšum > rapaštum, rapaš
   • /u/: zaprum > zapurtum, zapur
3. Adjectives derived from stative verbs with identical R₂ and R₃ (of the form PaRRum) drop R₃ in the predicative and don't take any vowel in the feminine. They could be specified using a dash (-) in the vowel parameter:
   • dannum (stative) > dannatum, dan
   • BUT: šakkum (from šakānum (“to harrow”), action verb) > šakiktum, šakik, like any other verb.
4. Some adjectives maintain their base form throughout the inflection:
   1. Adjectives derived from II-weak verbs (of the form PV̄Sum):
      • ṭābum > ṭābtum, ṭāb, etc.
   2. Adjectives that don't syncopate V (often when R₃ is /r/).
      • labirum, nakirum, etc.
5. Adjectives derived from III-weak verbs (of the form PaRûm/PeRûm)):
   1. default V is /i/, but some can have /u/:
      • V = /i/

      rabûm > rabītum, rabûtum, rabiātum, rabi

      šemûm > šemītum, šemûtum, šemiātum, šemi

      • V = /u/

      zakûm > zakūtum, zakûtum, zakâtum, zaku

Standard sound changes before feminine marker -t

1. If R₃ = /n/, /d/ or /ṭ/ then R₃ = /t/:
   • šaknum > šakittum, qatnum > qatattum, etc.
2. If R₃ = /s/, /ṣ/ or /z/ then R₃ = /š/:
   • parsum > parištum, maḫṣum > maḫištum, marṣum > maruštum, etc.