Template:pt-pre-reform

The following documentation is located at Template:pt-pre-reform/documentation. ^[edit]

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This template is designed for terms that were written a certain way before successive orthographic agreements standardized and/or reformed word spellings.

Because the spellings weren't done at the same time in all countries, this meant that at times, the spellings in Portugal, its colonies and Brazil differed a fair amount. This is true since the very first reform, when Portugal standardized the spellings in its variation of Portuguese in 1911, creating a rift between it and Brazil's.

Usage

Parameters

|1= (required)

The spelling that supplanted the word.

|br (required)

The year in which the spelling was declared nonstandard in Brazil. Accepted values are:

=1, =43 or =1943: Brazil's spelling standardization in the 1940s. Places the entry in [[Category:Portuguese forms superseded in 1943]].

=2, =71 or =1971: Brazil's second spelling reform in 1971. Places the entry in [[Category:Portuguese forms superseded in 1971]].

=3, =90 or =1990: The 1990 Orthographic Agreement. If pt=90, places the entry in [[Category:Portuguese forms superseded by AO1990]]; otherwise, places the entry in [[Category:Brazilian Portuguese forms superseded by AO1990]].

=0: Used for Portuguese spellings that were never standard in Brazil.

Do note that different parameter forms in the same line are all alternates of each other and work the exact same way; they're up to editors' preference.

pt (required)

The year in which the spelling was made nonstandard in Portugal. Since all the reforms (except the 1990 one) were made before Portugal lost its African and Asian territories, all territories Portugal's spelling exactly, with the exception that some areas didn't ratify the 1990 agreement. Accepted values are:

=1; =11 or =1911: Portugal's spelling standardization in 1911. Places the entry in [[Category:Portuguese forms superseded in 1911]].

=2, =45 or =1945: The 1945 Orthographic Agreement. Places the entry in [[Category:Portuguese forms superseded in 1945]].

=3, =73 or =1973: Portugal's third spelling reform in 1973. Places the entry in [[Category:Portuguese forms superseded in 1973]].

=4, =90 or =1990: The 1990 Orthographic Agreement. If br=90, places the entry in [[Category:Portuguese forms superseded by AO1990]]; otherwise, places the entry in [[Category:European Portuguese forms superseded by AO1990]].

=0: Used for Brazilian spellings that were never standard elsewhere.

Do note that different parameter forms in the same line are all alternates of each other and work the exact same way; they're up to editors' preference.

mis (optional)

Although a big number of superseded forms can be recognized as being antique, some of them can show up as innocent misspellings and are commonly seen as such: misspellings, not old forms. These can get marked by mis=1.

What falls where

This section is a summary of each spelling reform, which also works to inform what words fell out of favor at which points.

Forms that simply fell out of use

Terms that weren't made nonstandard by direct effect of a spelling reform should not use this template. Instead, mark the entry as obsolete (generally, forms abandoned prior to 1911/1943), archaic (generally, forms abandoned between 1911 and 1971), or dated (generally, forms abandoned from 1971 onwards).

Portugal 1911, Brazil 1943

These spellings both got rid of erudite, etymological digraphs as well as letters that were completely silent. This includes words like hypothenusa and annuncio. Note that silent forms like "CÇ" and "PÇ" survived in Portugal until 1990 in cases where they affected the preceding vowels (by 'opening' them); they were only removed in cases where they were fully silent, as in producção and contradicção. In Brazil, such consonants are either fully pronounced or fully silent, never affecting the quality of an anteceding vowel.

Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of hipotenusa.

{{pt-pre-reform|anúncio|br=43|pt=11}}

They also did away with "MM" and "NN" digraphs where the first consonant marked nasalization of the previous consonant. However, Portugal made an exception for comummente and connosco, both of them still valid as of the 1990 reform. Since these spellings are still permitted, they do not fall under this template.

European Portuguese standard spelling of comumente.
{{standard spelling of|pt|conosco|from=European Portuguese form}}

Although both the 1911 and 1943 reforms, as the first reforms in each country, were the ones to introduce diacritics (besides the tilde), Portugal's 1911 reform didn't disauthorize "SC" at the start of words. This means spellings like sciência were introduced to Portugal's variety only, until 1945 when they got removed in Portugal too.

(European Portuguese spelling) Pre-reform spelling (used until 1945) of ciência.

{{pt-pre-reform|ciência|br=0|pt=45}}

Due to accent differences between Brazil and Portugal, Brazil's 1943 reform introduced accentuation to "éi" paroxytones particular to itself, such as assembléia. They were only taken away in 1990.

(Brazilian Portuguese spelling) Pre-reform spelling (used until 1990) of assembleia; may still occur as a sporadic misspelling.

{{pt-pre-reform|assembleia|br=3|pt=0}}

Do note that this is only for "éi"; "ói" spellings were consistent between the two.

Portugal 1945: diaresis, grave and differential accents

As mentioned in the past section, the 1945 reform did away with "SC"s at the start of words. It also disauthorized "ü"s from the language outside loanwords. Since Brazil didn't put this agreement into practice, these forms lingered in Brazil until 1990. See lingüiça:

Pre-reform spelling (used until 1990 in Brazil and 1945 in Portugal) of linguiça; may still occur as a sporadic misspelling.

{{pt-pre-reform|linguiça|br=3|pt=2}}

Although "ü"s were explicitly mentioned by the Agreement's text, the forms that was actually utilized in Portugal at the time was the one introduced and mentioned by the 1911 text, where "ù" worked the way "ü" did in Brazil, as in freqùência. This too was rendered obsolete in 1945.

(European Portuguese spelling) Pre-reform spelling (used until 1945) of frequência.

{{pt-pre-reform|frequência|br=0|pt=2}}

The 1945 reform removed differential accents as well, forms where a closed E/O would receive a circumflex accent if there existed another word where the E/O was instead open. sobre from the verb sobrar and sôbre meaning "about" were spelt differently. In Brazil, these would survive until 1971.

Pre-reform spelling (used until 1971 in Brazil and 1945 in Portugal) of sobre.

{{pt-pre-reform|sobre|br=2|pt=2}}

Brazil 1971, Portugal 1973

As stated in the previous paragraph, differential accents were removed in 1971 for Brazil.

The 1971 reform also abolished keeping diacritics on derivatives of words with accents. Previously, words with the circumflex accent would keep them in -mente and diminutive forms, while words with the acute accent would have this diacritic turned into a grave accent. See econômicamente and àrvorezinha:

Pre-reform spelling (used until 1971 in Brazil and 1973 in Portugal) of economicamente.

{{pt-pre-reform|arvorezinha|br=2|pt=3}}

Portugal effected the exact same changes in 1973.

1990

This agreement removed ü in native words entirely for Brazil. This is seqüência:

Pre-reform spelling (used until 1990 in Brazil and 1945 in Portugal) of sequência; may still occur as a sporadic misspelling.

{{pt-pre-reform|sequência|br=3|pt=2}}

It also removed several exceptions to the 1971/1973 "no differential accents" rule, such as pára, pêra:

Pre-reform spelling (used until 1990) of para. Still used in countries where the agreement hasn't come into effect; may occur as a sporadic misspelling.

{{pt-pre-reform|pera|br=1990|pt=1990}}

Combinations involving mute consonants were simplified in Portugal for cases where they affected preceding vowels (as in acção and excepção), even in cases where this generates new forms like receção, or espetador to mean spectator. The latter case, pertaining to forms introduced rather than removed by an agreement, are not covered under this template.

Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1990 in Portugal) of ação. Still used in countries where the agreement hasn't come into effect; may occur as a sporadic misspelling.

{{pt-pre-reform|exceção|br=1|pt=4}}

For Brazil, "éi" in paroxytones were axed, while in every country, "ói" in paroxytones was abolished as well. Coréia and bóia:

(Brazilian Portuguese spelling) Pre-reform spelling (used until 1990) of Coreia; may still occur as a sporadic misspelling.

{{pt-pre-reform|boia|br=3|pt=4}}

Lastly, plenty of terms like dia-a-dia lost their hyphenation:

Pre-reform spelling (used until 1990) of dia a dia. Still used in countries where the agreement hasn't come into effect; may occur as a sporadic misspelling.

{{pt-pre-reform|dia a dia|br=90|pt=90}}