Template:km-affix/documentation

This documentation describes the use of the Khmer etymology template for affixed forms {{km-affix}}, power by the Module:km-etym module.

Usage

• |1= (first parameter, mandatory but see below)

  The root term.

• |2= (second parameter, optional)

  Gloss for the root term.

• |3= (third parameter, mandatory)

  The affix.

• |4= (fourth parameter, optional)

  Function of the affix.

• |ultim= (optional)

  Ultimate root term in case compounded affixation. No gloss capability is currently supported.

• |af2= (optional)

  Second affix.

• |compound= (optional)

  Type of compound, used when affix is applied to a multi-word term (see examples below).

• |nocap=1 (optional)

  Do not capitalize.

• |tr= (mandatory if root is not attested, see Notes below)

  Transliteration.

Notes

It sometimes happens that the root term no longer exists as a standalone word in the modern language, but can still be identified through a number of surviving affixed forms. In this situation, the root term can still be indicated but it should be preceded by a "-" sign. Refer to example below.

Also, due to a constraint with the {{km-IPA}} template where the dash already serves to indicate syllable boundaries, the transliteration must be provided manually via the |tr= parameter to bypass the module.

TODO: modify {{km-IPA}} to allow leading dashes.

List of accepted affixes (in progress)

Here is the list of accepted input for the 3= parameter and the category which the entry word will be added to accordingly.

Accepted input	Display	Category
R-	reduplicated initial	Khmer words with reduplicated initial
p-, t-, c-,..	prefixed %-	Khmer words with prefixed %-
RrV-
prV-, trV-, crV-,..	prefixed %-	Khmer words with prefixed %-
bVN-, dVN-, cVN-,..	prefixed %-	Khmer words with prefixed  %-
RVN-
-b-, -m-, -n-,..	infixed %-	Khmer words with infixed  %-
-VN-, -Vmn-, -rVn-,..	infixed %-	Khmer words with infixed  %-

List of accepted functions

Here is the list of accepted input for the 4= parameter and the category which the entry word will be added to accordingly.

The list is provisory, will be refined as things go. See the Khmer derivation page for discussion on criteria for determination and inclusion.

Accepted input	Display	Category
caus	causative
recip	reciprocal
attrib	attributive
spec	specializing
intens	intensive
rep	rep
agent	agentive
instr	instrumental
loc	locative
proc	processive
res	resultative

List of accepted compound types

Here is the list of accepted input for the compound= parameter and the category which the entry word will be added to accordingly.

Accepted input	Display	Category
1	compound	Khmer compound words
rhy, rhyme	rhyming reduplication	Khmer rhyming reduplications
allit	alliterative reduplication	Khmer alliterative reduplications
ablaut	ablauting reduplication	Khmer ablauting reduplications
	(total) reduplication	Khmer reduplications

Examples

1. Basic cases

កំណាត់ (kɑmnat, “piece”)

{{km-affix|កាត់|to cut|-Vmn-|res}}

From កាត់ (kat, “to cut”) with infixed -Vmn- (resultative).

បង្កើត (bɑngkaət)

{{km-affix|កើត់||bVN-}}

From កើត (kaət) with prefixed bVN-.

2. Reconstructed root term

ស្រឡាញ់ (srɑlañ, “to love”)

{{km-affix|-ឡាញ់|tr=-lañ|"to be dear|srV-}}

From -ឡាញ់ (-lañ, “"to be dear”) with prefixed srV-. This base is only found in derived forms.

3. Ultimate root term

សំកាត់ (somkat, “interception”)

{{km-affix|ស្កាត់|to intercept|-VN-|proc|ultim=កាត់}}

From ស្កាត់ (skat, “to intercept”) with infixed -VN- (processive), ultimately from កាត់ (kat).

Note

In the above case, we do not make explicit that the intermediate root ស្កាកត់​ is formed by prefixation of s- onto គាត់. We just mention the ultimate root term.

As a rule, the affixed term should be linked to its closest parent. But very often, CVN- aren't separable into a C- prefix and a -VN- infix, either because the C-prefixed term doesn't exist, or has a different meaning.

4. Second affix

ចំបាប់ (cɑmbap, “wrestling”)

{{km-affix|ចាប់|to seize|-b-|af2=-VN-}}

From ចាប់ (cap, “to seize”) with infixed -b- and infixed -VN-.

Note

In some other cases, the intermediary affixed form doesn't exist or doesn't carry a related meaning. In that case both affixes can be provided at once. Note that CVN- affixes could be construed as compounded C- and -VN- affixes, but one should preferably use the single form CVN- affix instead.

5. Multiword terms

បង្អែរបង្អង់ (bɑngʼae bɑngʼɑng, “to delay”)

{{km-affix|អែរអង់|to delay|bVN-|spec|compound=allit}}

From អែរអង់ (ʼae ʼɑng, “to delay”) with prefixed bVN- (specializing), applied to each term of the alliterative reduplication.

ជំងឺដង្កាត់ (cumngɨɨ dɑngkat, “disease”)

{{km-affix|ឈឺថ្កាត់|to be ill|-VN-|proc|compound=1}}

From ឈឺថ្កាត់ (chɨɨ thkat, “to be ill”) with infixed -VN- (processive), applied to each term of the compound.

Note

In case where an affix is applied to a double-word term, the affix will be applied to each term.

In the case of reduplication for instance, the entry word could be construed in two ways: either first from affixation then reduplication (អង់​ -​-> បង្អង់​ --> បង្អែរ-បង្អង់), or first from reduplication then affixation (អង់​ -​-> អែរ​-អង់ --> បង្អែរ-បង្អង់). The module opts for the later.

Also, the module doesn't currently support additional comments regarding the non-reduplicated form of the entry word (here បង្អង់). It's up to the editor to add the extra refetence if needed.

6. Nocap

ក្បាំង (kbang, “a veil, shield”)

From {{inh|km|okz|ខ្បង៑|tr=khpaṅ}}, {{m|okz|*ខ្បាង៑|tr=*khpāṅ|gloss=to cover, shield}}.

Synchronically, derived {{km-affix|បាំង|to cover, hide|k-|instr|nocap=1}}

From Old Khmer ខ្បង៑ (khpaṅ), *ខ្បាង៑ (*khpāṅ, “to cover, shield”).

Synchronically, derived from បាំង (bang, “to cover, hide”) with prefixed k- (instrumental).