Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wrīhan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

• *wrīan, *wrīgan

Etymology

Presumably from Proto-Germanic *wrīhaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to twist, weave, bind”).

Verb

*wrīhan

1. to plait, pleat
2. to bind with twine, baste
3. to impale, skewer

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	*wrīhan
1st sg. past	*wraih
3rd pl. past	*wrigun
Past ptcple	*wrigan
Infinitive	*wrīhan
Genitive infin.	*wrīhannjas
Dative infin.	*wrīhannjē
Instrum. infin.	*wrīhannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*wrīhu	*wraih
2nd singular	*wrīhiʀi	*wrigī
3rd singular	*wrīhidi	*wraih
1st plural	*wrīhum	*wrigum
2nd plural	*wrīhid	*wrigud
3rd plural	*wrīhand	*wrigun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*wrīhē	*wrigī
2nd singular	*wrīhēs	*wrigī
3rd singular	*wrīhē	*wrigī
1st plural	*wrīhēm	*wrigīm
2nd plural	*wrīhēþ	*wrigīd
3rd plural	*wrīhēn	*wrigīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*wrīh
Plural	*wrīhid
	Present	Past
Participle	*wrīhandī	*wrigan

Derived terms

• *andiwrīhan
• *anawrīhan
  • German: anreihen
  • German Low German:

    Dortmundisch: anriggen

    Low Prussian: anrêgen

    East Frisian Low Saxon: anreihen

• *biwrīhan
• *inwrīhan
  • German: einreihen
  • German Low German:

    Lippisch: inrüijen

• *upwrīhan
  • German: aufreihen
  • German Low German:

    Lippisch, Westmünsterländisch: uprijen

    East Frisian Low Saxon: uprejen

Related terms

• *wrigōn

Descendants

• Old English: wrēon (“to cover (up)”)
  • Middle English: wrihen, wreon, wrien, wryen
    • English: wry
• Old Frisian: *wrīgia
  • West Frisian: riuwe (“to bind with twine; to constrict”)
  • ⇒ Old Frisian: wreigenge (“bedcover, duvet”)
  • ⇒ Old Frisian: wrichte (“battle-garment”)
• Old Saxon: *wrīgan, *wrīan
  • Middle Low German: rîgen, rîen
    • German Low German:

      Altmärkisch: rîn

      Low Prussian: rêgen

      Westphalian:

      Bentheimisch: rîgen

      Dortmundisch, Sauerländisch: riggen

      Sauerländisch: reyjen (Wenden)

      East Westphalian: rüijen, rüigen, röjjen (Lippe), ruijjen (Ravensberg)

      Westmünsterländisch: rijen

• Old Dutch: *rīgan, *rīan
  • Middle Dutch: rîen (“to bind with twine”), rijenn, rîgen
    • Dutch: rijgen
    • Limburgish: riege
• Old High German: rīhan, *rīgan
  • Middle High German: rîhen, rîgen, rîhhen (“to pleat; to impale”)
    • German: reihen
    • Luxembourgish: reien