Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/steupa-

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *steupa-.

Prefix

*steupa-

1. step-

Reconstruction notes

Many descendants altered p to f under the influence of the f in words for "stepfather", which were then carried over to the other forms.

Derived terms

Proto-West Germanic terms prefixed with *steupa-

Descendants

• Old English: stēop-, stēp-
  • Middle English: steop-, step-, stappe-, ste-
    • English: step-
    • Scots: step-
• Old Frisian: stiāp-
  • Saterland Frisian: stäif- (possibly from Low German)
  • West Frisian: styp-, styf-
• Old Saxon: *stiop-
  • Middle Low German: stiep-, stip-, stêf-, stîf-
    • German Low German: steev-, steef-
• Old Dutch: *stiop-
  • Middle Dutch: stiep-, stippe-, stief-
    • Dutch: stief-
      • Afrikaans: stief-
• Old High German: stiof-
  • Middle High German: stief-
    • German: stief-