Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/staurijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Either a compound of *staur (“destruction, disturbance”) +‎ *-jan, or inherited from Proto-Germanic *staurijaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)towrH-éye-ti. Either way, ultimately from *(s)tewrH-, *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate”).

Verb

*staurijan

1. to destroy, disturb

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*staurijan
1st sg. past	*stauridā
Infinitive	*staurijan
Genitive infin.	*staurijannjas
Dative infin.	*staurijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*staurijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*stauriju	*stauridā
2nd singular	*staurisi	*stauridēs, *stauridōs
3rd singular	*stauriþi	*stauridē, *stauridā
1st plural	*staurijum	*stauridum
2nd plural	*stauriþ	*stauridud
3rd plural	*staurijanþ	*stauridun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*staurijē	*stauridī
2nd singular	*staurijēs	*stauridī
3rd singular	*staurijē	*stauridī
1st plural	*staurijēm	*stauridīm
2nd plural	*staurijēþ	*stauridīd
3rd plural	*staurijēn	*stauridīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*stauri
Plural	*stauriþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*staurijandī	*staurid

Related terms

• *staur
• *sturi
• *sturjan
• *þweran

Derived terms

• *twiʀstaurijan

Descendants

• Old Frisian: stēra
• Old Saxon: *stōrian
  • Middle Low German: stȫren
    • German Low German: stören
    • Low German: stören
    • → Saterland Frisian: stööre
• Old Dutch: *stōren
  • Middle Dutch: stōren, stueren, stooren, stoeren
    • Dutch: storen, steuren
      • Afrikaans: stoor, steur
      • → Papiamentu: ster
      • → West Frisian: steure
    • Limburgish: stuuere, steure
• Old High German: stōren, stōrren
  • Middle High German: stören
    • German: stören
      • → Swedish: störa

Further reading

• Hellquist, Elof (1922) “störa”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎^[2] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, pages 901-902: “germ. *staurian”
• Torp, Alf (1919) “Styrja”, in Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok, Oslo: H. Aschehoug and Co. (W. Nygaard), page 738: “Germ. *staurian”