Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sprekan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *sprekaną.
Verb
[edit]- to speak
Inflection
[edit]| Strong class 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *sprekan | |
| 1st sg. past | *sprak | |
| 3rd pl. past | *sprākun | |
| Past ptcple | *sprekan | |
| Infinitive | *sprekan | |
| Genitive infin. | *sprekannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *sprekannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *sprekannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *spreku | *sprak |
| 2nd singular | *sprikiʀi | *sprākī |
| 3rd singular | *sprikidi | *sprak |
| 1st plural | *sprekum | *sprākum |
| 2nd plural | *sprikid | *sprākud |
| 3rd plural | *sprekand | *sprākun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *sprekē | *sprākī |
| 2nd singular | *sprekēs | *sprākī |
| 3rd singular | *sprekē | *sprākī |
| 1st plural | *sprekēm | *sprākīm |
| 2nd plural | *sprekēþ | *sprākīd |
| 3rd plural | *sprekēn | *sprākīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *sprik | |
| Plural | *sprikid | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *sprekandī | *sprekan |
Descendants
[edit]- Old English: sprecan, spreocan, spræcan, specan
- Old Frisian: spreka
- Old Saxon: sprekan
- Old Dutch: sprecan
- Old High German: sprehhan, sprechan
References
[edit]- ^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 127: “*sprekan”
- ^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “sprechen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 690-691: “wg. *sprek-a-”