Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kastannjā

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin castanea.

Noun

*kastannjā f

1. chestnut
2. chestnut tree

Inflection

ōn-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*kastannjā
Genitive	*kastannjōn
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*kastannjā	*kastannjōn
Accusative	*kastannjōn	*kastannjōn
Genitive	*kastannjōn	*kastannjōnō
Dative	*kastannjōn	*kastannjōm, *kastannjum
Instrumental	*kastannjōn	*kastannjōm, *kastannjum

Alternative reconstructions

• *kastinnju

Reconstruction notes

Middle Germanic forms corrupted, if not displaced by Old French chastaigne.

Derived terms

• *kastannjabaum
  • Old English: ċiestenbēam
  • Old Saxon: *kastanniabōm
    • Middle Low German: kastanienbôm, kastanntenbôm
      • German Low German: Kastanjenboom
  • Old High German: kestinaboum, kestinnaboum

Descendants

• Old English: ċisten, ċysten, *ċeasten, *ċiesten, *ċistene
  • Middle English: chesteyne, chasteine, chasten, chasteyn, chaston, chestan, chestayn, chesten, chestein, chestyn, cheston, kesteyn (merged with Old French chastaigne)
    • English: chesten (obsolete)
      • ⇒ English: chestnut
        • → Middle Scots: chastnut (calque)
          • Scots: chestnut
    • Middle Scots: chastan, chasten, chestane
• Old Saxon: kestena, *kastannia
  • Middle Low German: kastanie, kastannie, castanee, kastandie, karstânie, karstannie, karstandie, karstênie, karstênige
    • German Low German: Kastanje, Kristanje, Kastanigge, Kaschtanje, Kustanje
    • → Swedish: kastanj
      • → Finnish: kastanja
• Old Dutch: *kestina
  • Middle Dutch: castānie
    • Dutch: kastanje
• Old High German: kestina, kestinna
  • Middle High German: kestene, kesten
    • Alemannic German: Chestene
    • Bavarian: Kestn
    • German: Kästen, Kesten
    • ⇒ Middle High German: *keste (reanalyzed in the singular)
      • Bavarian: Kest, Kescht

        Cimbrian: khésta, khest (Luserna)

      • German: Käste, Keste
      • Luxembourgish: Käscht
      • Palatine German: Keschde