Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kaldiʀō

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kaldizô. Equivalent to *kald (“cold”) +‎ *-iʀō, *-ōʀō.

Adjective

*kaldiʀō

1. comparative degree of *kald (“cold”): colder

Inflection

n-stem
Singular	Masculine
Nominative	*kaldiʀō
Genitive	*kaldiʀini, *kaldiʀan
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*kaldiʀō	*kaldiʀā	*kaldiʀā
Accusative	*kaldiʀan	*kaldiʀōn	*kaldiʀā
Genitive	*kaldiʀini, *kaldiʀan	*kaldiʀōn	*kaldiʀini, *kaldiʀan
Dative	*kaldiʀini, *kaldiʀan	*kaldiʀōn	*kaldiʀini, *kaldiʀan
Instrumental	*kaldiʀini, *kaldiʀan	*kaldiʀōn	*kaldiʀini, *kaldiʀan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*kaldiʀan	*kaldiʀōn	*kaldiʀōn
Accusative	*kaldiʀan	*kaldiʀōn	*kaldiʀōn
Genitive	*kaldiʀanō	*kaldiʀōnō	*kaldiʀanō
Dative	*kaldiʀum	*kaldiʀōm, *kaldiʀum	*kaldiʀum
Instrumental	*kaldiʀum	*kaldiʀōm, *kaldiʀum	*kaldiʀum

Alternative reconstructions

• *kaldōʀō

Descendants

• Old English: cealdra
  • Middle English: colder, calder
    • English: colder
• Old Frisian: kaldera
  • West Frisian: kâlder
• Old Saxon: kaldoro
  • Middle Low German:
    • German Low German: käuler
• Old Dutch: *kaltiro
  • Middle Dutch:
    • Dutch: kouder
• Old High German: kaltiro
  • Middle High German: kelter, kelder
    • Bavarian: köder

      Cimbrian: khéltor

    • Central Franconian: kaaler, kääler, kälder
    • German: kälter
    • Pennsylvania German: kelder
    • Yiddish: קעלטער (kelter)