Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/halþijan

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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *halþijaną.

Verb

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*halþijan

  1. to tilt, to incline

Inflection

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Class 1 weak
Infinitive *halþijan
1st sg. past *halþidā
Infinitive *halþijan
Genitive infin. *halþijannjas
Dative infin. *halþijannjē
Instrum. infin. *halþijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *halþiju *halþidā
2nd singular *halþisi *halþidēs, *halþidōs
3rd singular *halþiþi *halþidē, *halþidā
1st plural *halþijum *halþidum
2nd plural *halþiþ *halþidud
3rd plural *halþijanþ *halþidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *halþijē *halþidī
2nd singular *halþijēs *halþidī
3rd singular *halþijē *halþidī
1st plural *halþijēm *halþidīm
2nd plural *halþijēþ *halþidīd
3rd plural *halþijēn *halþidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *halþi
Plural *halþiþ
Present Past
Participle *halþijandī *halþid

Descendants

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  • Old English: hieldan
  • Old Saxon: *heldian
  • Old Dutch: *helden
    • Middle Dutch: helden
      • Dutch: hellen (d reinterpreted as an ending)
  • Old High German: helden