Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/flītan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown;^[1] presumably from Proto-Germanic *flītaną,^[2] possibly:

cognate with Welsh llwydd (“prosperity, success”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleyd- (“to attempt”),^[3]
or related to *splītan (“to split”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pleyd- (“to split”).^[4]

Verb

*flītan^[5]^[1]

to strive, fight

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	*flītan
1st sg. past	*flait
3rd pl. past	*flitun
Past ptcple	*flitan
Infinitive	*flītan
Genitive infin.	*flītannjas
Dative infin.	*flītannjē
Instrum. infin.	*flītannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*flītu	*flait
2nd singular	*flītiʀi	*flitī
3rd singular	*flītidi	*flait
1st plural	*flītum	*flitum
2nd plural	*flītid	*flitud
3rd plural	*flītand	*flitun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*flītē	*flitī
2nd singular	*flītēs	*flitī
3rd singular	*flītē	*flitī
1st plural	*flītēm	*flitīm
2nd plural	*flītēþ	*flitīd
3rd plural	*flītēn	*flitīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*flīt
Plural	*flītid
	Present	Past
Participle	*flītandī	*flitan

Descendants

Old English: flītan
- Middle English: flyten, fflytt, flite, fliten, flyte, flytin
  - English: flite, flyte
  - Scots: flite, flyte
Old Saxon: flītan
- Middle Low German: vlîten
  - German Low German: flieten
Old Dutch: flītan
- Middle Dutch: vliten
Old High German: flīzan, flīzzan
- Middle High German: vlīzen
  - German: fleißen

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Fleiß”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 220
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “flitan”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147
^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 521-522
^ Etymologisches Wörterbuch der althochdeutschen Sprache, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1988
^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 126: “*flītan”

[EWddS-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Fleiß”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 220

[2] Guus Kroonen (2013) “flitan”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147

[3] Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 521-522

[4] Etymologisches Wörterbuch der althochdeutschen Sprache, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1988

[5] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 126: “*flītan”

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