Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/burg

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *burgz.

Noun

*burg f

1. fortification
2. (fortified) city

Inflection

Consonant stem
	Singular
Nominative	*burg
Genitive	*burgi
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*burg	*burgi
Accusative	*burgu	*burgi
Genitive	*burgi	*borgō
Dative	*burgi	*burgum
Instrumental	*burgi	*burgum

Derived terms

• *burgwari
• *haubidaburg

Descendants

• Old English: burg, burh
  • Middle English: burgh
    • Scots: burch, burgh
    • English: borough, -borough, Brough, boro, burg, bur-, burgh, bury (as in borough, manor), -bury
  • → English: burh (learned)
• Old Frisian: burch, boarch
  • Saterland Frisian: Buurich
  • West Frisian: -boarg (in compounds)
• Old Saxon: burg
  • Middle Low German: borch
    • German Low German: Börg, Borg
• Old Dutch: burg
  • Middle Dutch: borch, burch
    • Dutch: burg, burcht
      • Afrikaans: burg
    • Limburgish: bórg, börch
• Old High German: burg
  • Middle High German: burc
    • German: Burg
    • Luxembourgish: Buerg
• → Late Latin: burgus (see there for further descendants)
  • →? Albanian: burg
• → Old French: borc, burc
  • Middle French: bourg
    • French: bourg