Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/biobanā

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative forms

• *bioban

Etymology

From *bi- +‎ *obanā.

Adverb

*biobanā

1. Synonym of *obanā

Descendants

• Old English: bufan
  • Middle English: boven, bove
  • ⇒ Old English: ābufan, onbufan
    • Middle English: aboven, above, abuven
      • English: above, aboon
        • ⇒? English: bove
      • Scots: abuin, abune, abane, abeen, abine, abin, abeun, abön (Northern Isles), aboon (literary)
      • Yola: aboo
• Old Frisian: bova
  • West Frisian: boppe (influenced by oppe)
• Old Saxon: bioban, *biobana
  • Middle Low German: bōven, bōvene
    • Low German: baven, boven
    • → Polabian: boven
• Old Dutch: *biovan, *bovan
  • Middle Dutch: boven
    • Dutch: boven
      • Afrikaans: bo
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: bofu
      • Javindo: bofen
      • Jersey Dutch: bôve
      • Negerhollands: boven, bovo, bobo, bu, bo
• >? Old High German: *biobana, *biovana
  • Middle High German: boben, bobene, boven (possibly borrowed or calqued from Middle Low German)
    • Rhine Franconian: bowen