Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þrauwjan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Germanic *þrawjaną. Equivalent to *þrawu (“suffering, longing”) + *-jan.[1]
Verb
[edit]*þrauwjan
- to threaten
Inflection
[edit]| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *þrauwjan | |
| 1st sg. past | *þrawidā | |
| Infinitive | *þrauwjan | |
| Genitive infin. | *þrauwjannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *þrauwjannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *þrauwjannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *þrauwju | *þrawidā |
| 2nd singular | *þrawisi | *þrawidēs, *þrawidōs |
| 3rd singular | *þrawiþi | *þrawidē, *þrawidā |
| 1st plural | *þrauwjum | *þrawidum |
| 2nd plural | *þrawiþ | *þrawidud |
| 3rd plural | *þrauwjanþ | *þrawidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *þrauwjē | *þrawidī |
| 2nd singular | *þrauwjēs | *þrawidī |
| 3rd singular | *þrauwjē | *þrawidī |
| 1st plural | *þrauwjēm | *þrawidīm |
| 2nd plural | *þrauwjēþ | *þrawidīd |
| 3rd plural | *þrauwjēn | *þrawidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *þrawi | |
| Plural | *þrawiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *þrauwjandī | *þrawid |
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]An intensive verb closely related to *þreuwan (“to grow”).[2]
Verb
[edit]*þrauwjan
- to grow
Inflection
[edit]| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *þrauwjan | |
| 1st sg. past | *þrawidā | |
| Infinitive | *þrauwjan | |
| Genitive infin. | *þrauwjannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *þrauwjannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *þrauwjannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *þrauwju | *þrawidā |
| 2nd singular | *þrawisi | *þrawidēs, *þrawidōs |
| 3rd singular | *þrawiþi | *þrawidē, *þrawidā |
| 1st plural | *þrauwjum | *þrawidum |
| 2nd plural | *þrawiþ | *þrawidud |
| 3rd plural | *þrauwjanþ | *þrawidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *þrauwjē | *þrawidī |
| 2nd singular | *þrauwjēs | *þrawidī |
| 3rd singular | *þrauwjē | *þrawidī |
| 1st plural | *þrauwjēm | *þrawidīm |
| 2nd plural | *þrauwjēþ | *þrawidīd |
| 3rd plural | *þrauwjēn | *þrawidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *þrawi | |
| Plural | *þrawiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *þrauwjandī | *þrawid |
Descendants
[edit]- Old High German: drouwen, trowwen
- Middle High German: *drouwen
- ⇒ Middle High German: ge-drouwen (Past Participle)
- German: dräuen
- Middle High German: *drouwen
References
[edit]- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*þrawō-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 546: “*þraujan”
- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*þrawjan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 545