From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
A possible borrowing from Middle Chinese 贏 (yeng, “to win”). Nişanyan suggests a derivation from *yẹg. [1]
*yẹŋ-
- (transitive) to win
- Synonym: *ut-
Conjugation of *yẹŋ- (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive
|
|
|
| infinitive
|
*yẹŋmek
|
| participle
|
present
|
*yẹŋgen, yẹŋügme, yẹŋür
|
| past
|
*yẹŋdük, yẹŋmiš
|
| future
|
*yẹŋdeči, yẹŋmekči, yẹŋsik, yẹŋeček
|
| verbal noun
|
*yẹŋme, yẹŋüg, yẹŋgü
|
| way of doing
|
*yẹŋüš
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
| *ben
|
*sen
|
*ol
|
*biz
|
*siz
|
*olar
|
| indicative
|
aorist
|
*yẹŋür ben
|
*yẹŋür sen
|
*yẹŋür
|
*yẹŋür biz
|
*yẹŋür siz
|
*yẹŋür
|
| past
|
simple
|
*yẹŋdüm
|
*yẹŋdüŋ
|
*yẹŋdi
|
*yẹŋdük, yẹŋdümüz
|
*yẹŋdüŋüz
|
*yẹŋdi
|
| inferential
|
*yẹŋmiš ben
|
*yẹŋmiš sen
|
*yẹŋmiš
|
*yẹŋmiš biz
|
*yẹŋmiš siz
|
*yẹŋmiš
|
| future
|
simple
|
*yẹŋdeči ben, yẹŋmekči ben, yẹŋeček ben
|
*yẹŋdeči sen, yẹŋmekči sen, yẹŋeček sen
|
*yẹŋdeči, yẹŋmekči, yẹŋeček
|
*yẹŋdeči biz, yẹŋmekči biz, yẹŋeček biz
|
*yẹŋdeči siz, yẹŋmekči siz, yẹŋeček siz
|
*yẹŋdeči, yẹŋmekči, yẹŋeček
|
| predictive
|
*yẹŋgey ben
|
*yẹŋgey sen
|
*yẹŋgey
|
*yẹŋgey biz
|
*yẹŋgey siz
|
*yẹŋgey
|
| necessitive
|
*yẹŋsüküm
|
*yẹŋsüküŋ
|
*yẹŋsük
|
*yẹŋsükümüz
|
*yẹŋsüküŋüz
|
*yẹŋsük
|
| conditional
|
*yẹŋsem, yẹŋser ben
|
*yẹŋseŋ, yẹŋser sen
|
*yẹŋse, yẹŋser
|
*yẹŋsek, yẹŋsemiz, yẹŋser biz
|
*yẹŋseŋiz, yẹŋser siz
|
*yẹŋseler, yẹŋser
|
| optative
|
*yẹŋgey ben
|
*yẹŋgey sen
|
*yẹŋgey
|
*yẹŋgey biz
|
*yẹŋgey siz
|
*yẹŋgey
|
| progressive
|
*yẹŋmekde ben
|
*yẹŋmekde sen
|
*yẹŋmekde
|
*yẹŋmekde biz
|
*yẹŋmekde siz
|
*yẹŋmekde
|
| necessitative
|
*yẹŋmelig ben
|
*yẹŋmelig sen
|
*yẹŋmelig
|
*yẹŋmelig biz
|
*yẹŋmelig siz
|
*yẹŋmelig
|
| imperative
|
*yẹŋeyin
|
*yẹŋ, yẹŋgil
|
*yẹŋzün
|
*yẹŋelim
|
*yẹŋüŋ
|
*yẹŋzün
|
|
|
| Negative
|
|
|
| infinitive
|
*yẹŋmemek
|
| participle
|
present
|
*yẹŋmegen, yẹŋmegme, yẹŋmez
|
| past
|
*yẹŋmedük, yẹŋmemiš
|
| future
|
*yẹŋmeči, yẹŋmesik, yẹŋmeyeček
|
| verbal noun
|
*yẹŋmeme, yẹŋmeg, yẹŋmegü
|
| way of doing
|
*yẹŋmeyüš
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
| *ben
|
*sen
|
*ol
|
*biz
|
*siz
|
*olar
|
| indicative
|
aorist
|
*yẹŋmez ben
|
*yẹŋmez sen
|
*yẹŋmez
|
*yẹŋmez biz
|
*yẹŋmez siz
|
*yẹŋmez
|
| past
|
simple
|
*yẹŋmedüm
|
*yẹŋmedüŋ
|
*yẹŋmedi
|
*yẹŋmedük, yẹŋmedümüz
|
*yẹŋmedüŋüz
|
*yẹŋmedi
|
| inferential
|
*yẹŋmemiš ben
|
*yẹŋmemiš sen
|
*yẹŋmemiš
|
*yẹŋmemiš biz
|
*yẹŋmemiš siz
|
*yẹŋmemiš
|
| future
|
simple
|
*yẹŋmeči ben, yẹŋmeyeček ben
|
*yẹŋmeči sen, yẹŋmeyeček sen
|
*yẹŋmeči, yẹŋmeyeček
|
*yẹŋmeči biz, yẹŋmeyeček biz
|
*yẹŋmeči siz, yẹŋmeyeček siz
|
*yẹŋmeči, yẹŋmeyeček
|
| predictive
|
*yẹŋmegey ben
|
*yẹŋmegey sen
|
*yẹŋmegey
|
*yẹŋmegey biz
|
*yẹŋmegey siz
|
*yẹŋmegey
|
| necessitive
|
*yẹŋmesüküm
|
*yẹŋmesüküŋ
|
*yẹŋmesük
|
*yẹŋmesükümüz
|
*yẹŋmesüküŋüz
|
*yẹŋmesük
|
| conditional
|
*yẹŋmesem, yẹŋmeser ben
|
*yẹŋmeseŋ, yẹŋmeser sen
|
*yẹŋmese, yẹŋmeser
|
*yẹŋmesek, yẹŋmesemiz, yẹŋmeser biz
|
*yẹŋmeseŋiz, yẹŋmeser siz
|
*yẹŋmeseler, yẹŋmeser
|
| optative
|
*yẹŋmegey ben
|
*yẹŋmegey sen
|
*yẹŋmegey
|
*yẹŋmegey biz
|
*yẹŋmegey siz
|
*yẹŋmegey
|
| progressive
|
*yẹŋmemekde ben
|
*yẹŋmemekde sen
|
*yẹŋmemekde
|
*yẹŋmemekde biz
|
*yẹŋmemekde siz
|
*yẹŋmemekde
|
| necessitative
|
*yẹŋmemelig ben
|
*yẹŋmemelig sen
|
*yẹŋmemelig
|
*yẹŋmemelig biz
|
*yẹŋmemelig siz
|
*yẹŋmemelig
|
| imperative
|
*yẹŋmeyeyin
|
*yẹŋme, yẹŋmegil
|
*yẹŋmezün
|
*yẹŋmeyelim
|
*yẹŋmeyiŋ
|
*yẹŋmezün
|
- Arghu:
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
- Crimean Tatar: yeñmek
- Kumyk: енгмек (yeñmek)
- Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (jeñ-)
- Karaim: [script needed] (yeñg-)
- South Kipchak:
- Caspian:
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: жеңүү (jeŋüü)
- Southern Altai: јеҥер (ǰeŋer)
- Siberian:
- South Siberian:
- Yenisei:
- Shor: [script needed] (neŋ-)
- Khakas: чиңерге (çiñerge)
