Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kapgak

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kap- (“to cover”) +‎ *-gak.

Noun

*kapgak

1. (Common Turkic) lid, cover

Declension

Declension of *kapgak (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural2)
nominative	*kapgak	*kapgaklar
accusative
genitive	*kapgaknïŋ	*kapgaklarnïŋ
dative	*kapgakka	*kapgaklarka
locative	*kapgakta	*kapgaklarda
ablative	*kapgaktan	*kapgaklardan
instrumental1)		*kapgaklarïn
equative1)	*kapgakča	*kapgaklarča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: qapaq
      • Ottoman Turkish: قپاق (kapak), قاپاق (kapak), գափագ (kapak) — Armeno-Turkish
        • Turkish: kapak
          • → Northern Kurdish: qepax, qapax
        • → Albanian: kapak
        • → Armenian: ղափաղ (ġapʻaġ), խափախ (xapʻax), կափաղ (kapʻaġ)
        • → Bulgarian: капак (kapak)
        • → Greek: καπάκι (kapáki)
        • → Macedonian: капак (kapak)
        • → Romanian: capac
        • → Serbo-Croatian:

          Cyrillic script: капак

          Latin script: kapak

  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: gapak
• Kipchak:
  • • South Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: капкак (kapkak)
        • Southern Altai: какпак (kakpak)
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (qapɣaq, “cover”)
    • Uzbek: qopqoq
    • Uyghur: قاپقاق (qapqaq)