Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kaŋïr
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Proto-Turkic
[edit]Alternative reconstruction
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unclear, no reliable etymology can be posited.
According to Altaicists; this form is 'no doubt archaic' (older than *burun) and is cognate with Proto-Mongolic *kamar (“nose”) (Mongolian хамар (xamar)), Evenki оңокто (oŋoqto), Korean 코 (ko) and Japanese 嗅ぐ (kagu). Although proposed forms match semantically, this type of comparisons are not reliable and scholarly consensus is against Altaic theory.
Northern Altai [script needed] (kanžïr, “beak”) is from Mongolic хошуу (xošuu)[1] and unrelated to forms below despite semantic and sound similarities.
Noun
[edit]*kaŋïr
- (Siberian Turkic) nose
- (Karluk Turkic, Oghuz Turkic) nasal cavity
- Synonym: *keŋiŕ
- (?) nose bridge, nasal bone
- Synonym: *tīrek
Declension
[edit]Declension of *kaŋïr
Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *kaŋïr |
Accusative | *kaŋïrïg, *kaŋïrnï1) |
Genitive | *kaŋïrnïŋ |
Dative | *kaŋïrka |
Locative | *kaŋïrta |
Ablative | *kaŋïrtan |
Allative | *kaŋïrgaru |
Instrumental 2) | *kaŋïrïn |
Equative 2) | *kaŋïrča |
Similative 2) | *kaŋïrlayu |
Comitative 2) | *kaŋïrlïgu |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
[edit]- Oghuz:
- East Oghuz:
- Turkmen: gaňşyrawuk (“nasal cavity”), goňursamak (“to reek”)
- East Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (qaŋrak, “nasal cavity”)
- Siberian:
References
[edit]- Dybo, Anna (2013). Этимологический словарь базисной лексики тюркских языков (in Russian). TOO - Prosper Print. p. 413.
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) “*kaŋur(uγ)”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 232
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill