Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bańak

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Unknown. No etymology given by any sources, possibly due to antiquity and the scarce attestation of this root.

Altaicists compare this root with Negidal бэӈгэ (“to sully”) and Japanese 埴 (hani, “argillaceous soil”) (Old Japanese 埴 (pani)). However, Altaic language family and such comparisons are not accepted by mainstream historical linguistics due to paucity of data.

Noun

*bańak

1. animal dung, manure

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz: بَيْنَقْ (baynaq, “dung”)
• Kipchak: میاق (maya:q)
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: مَيَقْ (mayaq, “dung of camel or sheep”), مَژَكْ (mejek, “dog dung”)
    • Chagatai:
      • Uyghur: ماياق (mayaq, “animal dung, digested food in the stomach”)
• Siberian Turkic:
  • Old Uyghur: 𐽹𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽵𐾄 (mayak)
  • South Siberian Turkic:
    • Tuvan: мыйак (mıyak)
    • Tofa: мыңак (mïŋaq)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “*bañak”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 350
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*beńa”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, pages 167, 175
• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 392
• Ölmez, M. (2021). Some Notes on Old Uyghur mayaq and ügi. Ancient Texts and Languages of Ethnic Groups along the Silk Road, Johannes Reckel and Merle Schatz (Eds.), Göttingen. pp. 153-158.
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) “majak”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 322