Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bēgen-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *bēg (“lord, master”) +‎ *-en-.

Verb

*bēgen-

(transitive) to like, be satisfied with
(transitive) to strive for, hope

Conjugation

Conjugation of *bēgen- (Common Turkic)

Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.

Positive

infinitive			*bēgenmek
participle	present		*bēgengen, bēgenigme, bēgenür
	past		*bēgentük, bēgenmiš
	future		*bēgenteči, bēgenmekči, bēgensik, bēgeneček
verbal noun			*bēgenme, bēgenig, bēgengü
way of doing			*bēgeniš
			singular			plural
			1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
			*ben	*sen	*ol	*biz	*siz	*olar
indicative	aorist		*bēgenür ben	*bēgenür sen	*bēgenür	*bēgenür biz	*bēgenür siz	*bēgenür
	past	simple	*bēgentim	*bēgentiŋ	*bēgenti	*bēgentik, bēgentimiz	*bēgentiŋiz	*bēgenti
	past	inferential	*bēgenmiš ben	*bēgenmiš sen	*bēgenmiš	*bēgenmiš biz	*bēgenmiš siz	*bēgenmiš
	future	simple	*bēgenteči ben, bēgenmekči ben, bēgeneček ben	*bēgenteči sen, bēgenmekči sen, bēgeneček sen	*bēgenteči, bēgenmekči, bēgeneček	*bēgenteči biz, bēgenmekči biz, bēgeneček biz	*bēgenteči siz, bēgenmekči siz, bēgeneček siz	*bēgenteči, bēgenmekči, bēgeneček
		predictive	*bēgengey ben	*bēgengey sen	*bēgengey	*bēgengey biz	*bēgengey siz	*bēgengey
		necessitive	*bēgensikim	*bēgensikiŋ	*bēgensik	*bēgensikimiz	*bēgensikiŋiz	*bēgensik
conditional			*bēgensem, bēgenser ben	*bēgenseŋ, bēgenser sen	*bēgense, bēgenser	*bēgensek, bēgensemiz, bēgenser biz	*bēgenseŋiz, bēgenser siz	*bēgenseler, bēgenser
optative			*bēgengey ben	*bēgengey sen	*bēgengey	*bēgengey biz	*bēgengey siz	*bēgengey
progressive			*bēgenmekde ben	*bēgenmekde sen	*bēgenmekde	*bēgenmekde biz	*bēgenmekde siz	*bēgenmekde
necessitative			*bēgenmelig ben	*bēgenmelig sen	*bēgenmelig	*bēgenmelig biz	*bēgenmelig siz	*bēgenmelig
imperative			*bēgeneyin	*bēgen, bēgengil	*bēgenzün	*bēgenelim	*bēgeniŋ	*bēgenzün

Negative

infinitive			*bēgenmemek
participle	present		*bēgenmegen, bēgenmegme, bēgenmez
	past		*bēgenmedük, bēgenmemiš
	future		*bēgenmeči, bēgenmesik, bēgenmeyeček
verbal noun			*bēgenmeme, bēgenmeg, bēgenmegü
way of doing			*bēgenmeyiš
			singular			plural
			1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
			*ben	*sen	*ol	*biz	*siz	*olar
indicative	aorist		*bēgenmez ben	*bēgenmez sen	*bēgenmez	*bēgenmez biz	*bēgenmez siz	*bēgenmez
	past	simple	*bēgenmedim	*bēgenmediŋ	*bēgenmedi	*bēgenmedik, bēgenmedimiz	*bēgenmediŋiz	*bēgenmedi
	past	inferential	*bēgenmemiš ben	*bēgenmemiš sen	*bēgenmemiš	*bēgenmemiš biz	*bēgenmemiš siz	*bēgenmemiš
	future	simple	*bēgenmeči ben, bēgenmeyeček ben	*bēgenmeči sen, bēgenmeyeček sen	*bēgenmeči, bēgenmeyeček	*bēgenmeči biz, bēgenmeyeček biz	*bēgenmeči siz, bēgenmeyeček siz	*bēgenmeči, bēgenmeyeček
		predictive	*bēgenmegey ben	*bēgenmegey sen	*bēgenmegey	*bēgenmegey biz	*bēgenmegey siz	*bēgenmegey
		necessitive	*bēgenmesikim	*bēgenmesikiŋ	*bēgenmesik	*bēgenmesikimiz	*bēgenmesikiŋiz	*bēgenmesik
conditional			*bēgenmesem, bēgenmeser ben	*bēgenmeseŋ, bēgenmeser sen	*bēgenmese, bēgenmeser	*bēgenmesek, bēgenmesemiz, bēgenmeser biz	*bēgenmeseŋiz, bēgenmeser siz	*bēgenmeseler, bēgenmeser
optative			*bēgenmegey ben	*bēgenmegey sen	*bēgenmegey	*bēgenmegey biz	*bēgenmegey siz	*bēgenmegey
progressive			*bēgenmemekde ben	*bēgenmemekde sen	*bēgenmemekde	*bēgenmemekde biz	*bēgenmemekde siz	*bēgenmemekde
necessitative			*bēgenmemelig ben	*bēgenmemelig sen	*bēgenmemelig	*bēgenmemelig biz	*bēgenmemelig siz	*bēgenmemelig
imperative			*bēgenmeyeyin	*bēgenme, bēgenmegil	*bēgenmezün	*bēgenmeyelim	*bēgenmeyiŋ	*bēgenmezün

Descendants

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: bəyənmək
  - Gagauz: beenmää
  - Ottoman Turkish: بگنمك
    - Turkish: beğenmek
- Turkmen: begenmek
- → Chuvash: пикен (pik̬en, “to hope; to strive, try”)
→ Chagatai: [script needed] (bigen-)
→ Kipchak: [script needed] (begen-), [script needed] (bigen-), [script needed] (beyen-), [script needed] (biyen-)
- Cuman: bien- (biyen-)

References

Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Nauka, page 101
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “beğenmek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 68
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bẹ̄ken-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill