Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ten

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï / O / U	E / I / Ö / Ü
*-tan	*-ten

Etymology

*-te (locative-ablative suffix) +‎ *-n (instrumental suffix).

Suffix

*-ten

Used to form ablative of nouns
‎*eb (“house”) + ‎*-ten → ‎*ebten (“from the house”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Volga Bulgar: ڔَان- (-ran)
  - Chuvash: -тен (-ten), -рен (-ren)

Arghu:
- Khalaj: -dən
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: ـدن (-den)
  - Azerbaijani: -dən, -tən
  - Ottoman Turkish: ـدن (-den)
    - Turkish: -den, -ten
    - Gagauz: -den
- Turkmen: -den
- Salar: -den
Karluk:
- Karakhanid:
  - Chagatai:
    - Uzbek: -dan
    - Uyghur: [script needed] (-den)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak-Bulgar:
  - Bashkir: -дән (-dən), -нән (-nən), -тән (-tən)
  - Tatar: -дән (-dän), -нән (-nän), -тән (-tän)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
  - Crimean Tatar: -den
  - Kumyk: -ден (-den)
  - Karachay-Balkar: -ден (-den)
- Kipchak-Nogai:
  - Kazakh: -ден (-den), -тен (-ten), -нен (-nen)
  - Karakalpak: -den, -ten
  - Nogai: -ден (-den)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: -дан (-dan), -ден (-den), -дон (-don), -дөн (-dön), -тан (-tan), -тен (-ten), -тон (-ton), -төн (-tön), -ан (-an), -ен (-yen), -он (-on), -өн (-ön)
  - Southern Altai: -деҥ (-deŋ), -дӧҥ (-döŋ), -теҥ (-teŋ), -тӧҥ (-töŋ)
Siberian Turkic:
- Old Turkic: 𐰓𐰤 (d²n²), 𐰑𐰣 (d¹n¹)
- Old Uyghur: -𐾀𐽶𐽺 (-tyn), -𐽸𐽶𐽺 (-dyn)
- North Siberian Turkic:
  - Yakut: -ттэн (-tten), -ттөн (-ttön), -тэн (-ten), -төн (-tön)
- South Siberian Turkic:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: -ден (-den), -тен (-ten)

References

Erdal, Marcel (2004) “+dIn”, in A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 174
Krueger, John Richard (1961) Chuvash Manual: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, and Vocabulary (Uralic and Altaic Series; 7), Indiana University, →ISBN, page 107