Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ạ̄gu

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Perhaps related to Proto-Tungusic *gū (“poison”), compare Nanai гу (gu, “poison”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*ạ̄gu

1. (Common Turkic) poison
2. (Common Turkic) musk

Declension

Declension of *ạ̄gu (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural2)
nominative	*ạ̄gu	*ạ̄gular
accusative
genitive	*ạ̄gunïŋ	*ạ̄gularnïŋ
dative	*ạ̄guka	*ạ̄gularka
locative	*ạ̄guda	*ạ̄gularda
ablative	*ạ̄gudan	*ạ̄gulardan
instrumental1)		*ạ̄gularïn
equative1)	*ạ̄guča	*ạ̄gularča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: ağı
      • Ottoman Turkish: اغو (ağu)
        • Turkish: ağı
  • East Oghuz:
    • Salar: ağu
    • Turkmen: āwy
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (ağı)
    • Chagatai:
      • Uzbek: [script needed] (ɔɣu)
      • Uyghur: ئوغا (ogha), (obsolete) ئاغۇ (aghu)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: ағыу (ağıw)
    • Tatar: агу (ağu)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: [script needed] (aɣu)
    • Karachay-Balkar: уу (uu)
    • Karaim: [script needed] (aɣu)
    • ⇒ Kumyk: агъувлу (ağuwlu)
  • South Kipchak:
    • • Kazakh: [script needed] (ağu) (dialect), Kazakh: у (u)
      • Nogai: [script needed] (ağuw)
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: уу (uu)
      • Southern Altai: оо (oo)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: [script needed] (ağu)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (ağu)
      • Western Yugur: ağa
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: ыы (ıı)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tofa: аа
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: оо (oo)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill