Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ȫč

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

• *hȫč

Noun

*ȫč

1. revenge
2. anger

Declension

Declension of *ȫč

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*ȫč
Accusative	*ȫčüg, *ȫčni1)
Genitive	*ȫčnüŋ
Dative	*ȫčke
Locative	*ȫčde
Ablative	*ȫčden
Allative	*ȫčgerü
Instrumental 2)	*ȫčün
Equative 2)	*ȫčče
Similative 2)	*ȫčleyü
Comitative 2)	*ȫčlügü

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:

• Chuvash: вӗчӗ (vĕč̬ĕ)

Common Turkic: *ȫč

• >? Khalaj: hēcäş
• Oghuz
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: öc
    • Ottoman Turkish: اوج (öc)
      • Turkish: öç
  • Turkmen: ȫç
• Kipchak
  • West-Kipchak
    • Crimean Tatar: öç
    • Karachay-Balkar: ёч (yoç)
    • Kumyk: оьч (öç)
  • North Kipchak
    • Bashkir: үс (üs)
    • Tatar: үч (üç)
  • South Kipchak
    • Caspian
      • Karakalpak: өш
      • Kazakh: өш (öş)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak
      • Kyrgyz: өч (öc)
      • Southern Altai: ӧч (öč)
• Karluk
  • Uzbek: oʻch
  • Uyghur: ئۆچ (öch)
• Siberian
  • Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽽 (öč)
  • North Siberian
    • Yakut: өс (ös, “hate, revenge”)
    • Dolgan: өстөөк (“enemy”), өстөөc (“to hate”)
  • South Siberian
    • Tuvan: өш (öş)
    • Shor: ӧш

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ȫč”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “öç”, in Nişanyan Sözlük