Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/āŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

• *hāŕ

Etymology

Compare Proto-Mongolic *aray (“scarcely, just a little”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Adverb

*āŕ

1. few, a little

   Antonym: *čok (“many, very”)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • →⇒ Eastern Mari: орлу́до (orlúdo), оръе́ҥ (orjéŋ), орйы́лме (orjýlme)
  • →⇒ Western Mari: аргек (argek), арвӓты (arväty)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: hâz
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish: آزْ (az, āz)
    • Azerbaijani: az
      • Gagauz: aaz, az
    • Ottoman Turkish: آز (az)
      • Turkish: az
  • Salar: az
  • Turkmen: āz
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (az)
    • Chagatai: [script needed] (az)
      • Uzbek: oz
      • Uyghur: ئاز (az)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Tatar: аз (az)
    • Bashkir: аҙ (aź)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Karachay-Balkar: аз (az)
    • Crimean Tatar: az
    • Kumyk: аз (az)
    • Karaim: аз
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: аз (az)
      • Karakalpak: аз
      • Nogai: аз (az)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: аз (az)
      • Southern Altai: ас (as)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: [script needed] (az)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (az)
      • Western Yugur: az
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tuvan: аз (az)
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: [script needed] (as)
      • Shor: [script needed] (as)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Āŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill