Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьrvь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wírwis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-.

Noun

*vь̑rvь f

1. rope, cord, string

Alternative forms

• *vьrvi (ī-stem)
• *vеrvь, *vеrvьka (East Slavic)

Declension

Declension of *vь̑rvь (i-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vь̑rvь	*vь̑rvi	*vь̑rvi
genitive	*vьrví	*vьrvьjù, *vьrvľu*	*vьrvь̀jь
dative	*vь̑rvi	*vьrvьmà	*vь̑rvьmъ
accusative	*vь̑rvь	*vь̑rvi	*vь̑rvi
instrumental	*vьrvьjǫ́	*vьrvьmà	*vьrvьmì
locative	*vьrví	*vьrvьjù, *vьrvľu*	*vь̑rvьxъ
vocative	*vьrvi	*vь̑rvi	*vь̑rvi

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *vьrvьje
• *vьrvьca, *vьrvica, *vьrvьčica (diminutive)
• *vьrviti (“to thread, to proceed”)

Related terms

• *veriga
• *verenica
• *obvora

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: вьрвь (vĭrvĭ)
    • Russian: ве́рвь (vérvʹ) (dialectal)
    • ⇒ Ukrainian: верве́чка (vervéčka)
  • ⇒ Russian: верёвка (verjóvka)
    • → Belarusian: вяроўка (vjaróŭka)
    • → Ukrainian: вірьовка (virʹovka)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: врьвь (vrĭvĭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰲⱃⱐⰲⱐ (vrĭvĭ)

  • Bulgarian: връв (vrǎv)
  • Serbo-Croatian: (obsolescent)

    Cyrillic script: вр̑в, вр̑вца

    Latin script: vȓv, vȓvca

  • Slovene: vȓv (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: vrv

From *vьrvьca

• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: вр̀пца

  Latin script: vr̀pca

• Macedonian: врвца (vrvca)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вервь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “верёвка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “връв”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 187
• “virvė”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012