Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tętiva
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Probably[1] from otherwise lost Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull”) + *-iva (whence Lithuanian tem̃pti (“to pull, to drag”), Latvian tìept (“to strain”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”). Cognate with Lithuanian temptýva (“stretching”),[2] tìmpa (“sinew”), possibly Old Norse þǫmb (“bowstring”), Old Armenian թամբ (tʻamb, “saddle”) and further akin to Lithuanian tiñklas (“set”), Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn, “tendon”), New Latin tensor.
Noun
[edit]*tętivà f[1]
Declension
[edit]Declension of *tętiva (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *tętiva | *tętivě | *tętivy |
| genitive | *tętivy | *tętivu | *tętivъ |
| dative | *tętivě | *tętivama | *tętivamъ |
| accusative | *tętivǫ | *tętivě | *tętivy |
| instrumental | *tętivojǫ, *tętivǫ** | *tętivama | *tętivami |
| locative | *tętivě | *tętivu | *tętivasъ, *tętivaxъ* |
| vocative | *tętivo | *tętivě | *tętivy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
[edit]- *teneto (“snare”)
Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тетива́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- “tempti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “tetiva”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *tętiva̋”
- ^ Milleit, Leskien view it as a Slavic borrowing, later reanalyzed on the basis of native tempti. Endzelīns considers it a genuine cognate.