Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/služiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *slūgà (“servant”) +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*služìti^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

to serve

Inflection

Conjugation of *služiti, *služi, *služitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*služenьje	*služiti	*služitъ	*služilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*služenъ	*služimъ
Active	*služь	*služę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*služixъ	*služi	*služi	*služǫ	*služiši	*služitь
Dual	*služixově	*služista	*služiste	*služivě	*služita	*služite
Plural	*služixomъ	*služiste	*služišę	*služimъ	*služite	*služętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*služaaxъ	*služaaše	*služaaše	—	*služi	*služi
Dual	*služaaxově	*služaašeta	*služaašete	*služivě	*služita	—
Plural	*služaaxomъ	*služaašete	*služaaxǫ	*služimъ	*služite	—

(*)*služivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

noun

*slùžьba

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: служи́ти (služíti)
  - Old Ruthenian: служи́ти (služíti)
    - Belarusian: служы́ць (služýcʹ)
    - Ukrainian: служи́ти (služýty)
  - Middle Russian: служи́ти (služíti)
    - Russian: служи́ть (služítʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: слоужити (služiti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⰾⱆⰶⰻⱅⰻ (služiti)
- Bulgarian: слу́жа (slúža)
- Macedonian: служи (služi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: слу́жити
  
  Latin script: slúžiti
- Slovene: slúžiti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: slúžiti
  - Czech: sloužit
- Polabian: *slauzĕt, slauzĕ
- Old Polish: służyć
  - Polish: służyć
  - Silesian: sużyć
- Slovak: slúžiť
- Slovincian:
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: służëc
  - Slovincian: slëżëc
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: słužyś
  - Upper Sorbian: słužić

References

^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “služiti: služjǫ služitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (PR 137)”
^ Dybo, Vladimir A. (2000) Морфонологизованные парадигматические акцентные системы: Типология и генезис [Morphophonologized paradigmatic accent systems: Typology and genesis]‎^[2] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: LRC Publishing House, →ISBN, page 87
^ Kapović, Mate (2015) Povijest hrvatske akcentuacije. Fonetika [History of Croatian Accent. Phonetics]‎^[3] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: Matica hrvatska, →ISBN, page 110: “*slu̟ži̟̠̋ti̟̠”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “služiti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*služi̋ti”
^ Jasanoff, Jay (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 17), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 260: “*služiti”

[1] Olander, Thomas (2001) “služiti: služjǫ služitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (PR 137)”

[2] Dybo, Vladimir A. (2000) Морфонологизованные парадигматические акцентные системы: Типология и генезис [Morphophonologized paradigmatic accent systems: Typology and genesis]‎^[2] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: LRC Publishing House, →ISBN, page 87

[3] Kapović, Mate (2015) Povijest hrvatske akcentuacije. Fonetika [History of Croatian Accent. Phonetics]‎^[3] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: Matica hrvatska, →ISBN, page 110: “*slu̟ži̟̠̋ti̟̠”

[4] Snoj, Marko (2016) “služiti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*služi̋ti”

[5] Jasanoff, Jay (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 17), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 260: “*služiti”

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