Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫtь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *sętь

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sánti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sonti, verb form of *h₁ésti.

Cognate with Latin sunt.

Verb

*sǫtь

1. third-person plural present of *byti

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: суть (sutĭ)
    • Russian: суть f (sutʹ, “essence, core, gist”)
    • Ukrainian: суть f (sutʹ, “essence, core, gist”)
  • Old Novgorodian: соуть (sutĭ), су (su)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: сѫтъ (sǫtŭ)
  • Bulgarian: са (sa)
  • Macedonian: се (se), сет (set) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    • Cyrillic script: су, јѐсу
    • Latin script: su, jèsu
  • Old Slovene: sunt
    • Slovene: sȍ (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: sú
    • Czech: jsou
  • Kashubian: są
  • Old Polish: są
    • Polish: są
  • Old Slovak: sú
    • Pannonian Rusyn: су (su)
    • Slovak: sú
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: su
    • Lower Sorbian: su

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “суть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress