Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sěnь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śáiˀnas, probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱéh₃y-ō ~ *(s)ḱih₃-nés (“shade, shadow”) (alternatively reconstructed as *sḱeh₂(y)-). Akin to Proto-Indo-Iranian *śćaHyáH (“shadow”), Ancient Greek σκιά (skiá, “shadow”).

Noun

*sě̀nь f^[1]^[2]^[3]

shadow

Inflection

Declension of *sě̀nь (i-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sě̀nь	*sě̀ni	*sě̀ni
genitive	*sě̀nī	sě̀nьju, sě̀ňu^*	sě̀nьjь, sě̀nī^*
dative	*sě̀ni	*sě̀nьma	*sě̀nьmъ
accusative	*sě̀nь	*sě̀ni	*sě̀ni
instrumental	sě̀nьjǫ, sě̀ňǭ^*	*sě̀nьma	*sě̀nьmī
locative	*sě̀nī	sě̀nьju, sě̀ňu^*	*sě̀nьxъ
vocative	*sěni	*sě̀ni	*sě̀ni

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сѣни (sěni)
  - Belarusian: се́ні (sjéni)
  - Russian: се́нь (sénʹ), се́ни (séni)
  - Ukrainian: сі́ни (síny)
- Old Novgorodian: сѣни (sěni)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: сѣнь (sěnĭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⱑⱀⰻ (sěni)
- Bulgarian: сен (sen), ся́нка (sjánka)
- Macedonian: сенка (senka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: се̏на, сје̏на
  
  Latin: sȅna, sjȅna
- Slovene: sе̣̑nса (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: síň
- Polish: sień
- Slovak: sieň
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: seń
  - Upper Sorbian: seń

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sě̀nь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 447: “f. i (a) ‘shadow’”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “senca”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sě̋nь”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sěnь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sě̀nь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 447: “f. i (a) ‘shadow’”

[2] Snoj, Marko (2016) “senca”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sě̋nь”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001) “sěnь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132)”

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