Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ručajь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *ručati (“to drone, to rattle”) +‎ *-ějь.

Noun

*ručajь m

1. crook, brook

Alternative forms

• *ručьjь

Declension

Declension of *ručajь (soft o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ručajь	*ručaja	*ručaji
genitive	*ručaja	*ručaju	*ručajь
dative	*ručaju	*ručajema	*ručajemъ
accusative	*ručajь	*ručaja	*ručaję̇
instrumental	*ručajьmь, *ručajemь*	*ručajema	*ručaji
locative	*ručaji	*ručaju	*ručajixъ
vocative	*ručaju	*ručaja	*ručaji

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Related terms

• *řuti (“to roar”)
• *ručati, *ručiti (“to drone, to rattle”)
• *ruknǫti (“to gush”)

Descendants

From primary form *ručajь:

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ручаи (ručai)
    • Belarusian: руча́й (ručáj)
    • Ukrainian: руча́й (ručáj)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: ručej
  • Polish: ruczaj
  • Slovak: ručaj

From primary form *ručьjь:

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ручии (ručii)
    • Russian: руче́й (ručéj)
  • Old Novgorodian: роуцьи (rućĭi)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: ру́чей (rúčej)
• West Slavic:
  • Slovak: ručej
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: ručej

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ручей”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “ручей”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 356