Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lyžьka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From an earlier *lъga (“bending”) +‎ *-ъka, reanalyzed to have a soft -ž- under the influence of *lъžica. For comparison, consider *vidlъka (“fork”) and *vidlica (“id”).

Noun

*lyžьka f

1. spoon

Inflection

Declension of *lyžьka (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lyžьka	*lyžьcě	*lyžьky
genitive	*lyžьky	*lyžьku	*lyžьkъ
dative	*lyžьcě	*lyžьkama	*lyžьkamъ
accusative	*lyžьkǫ	*lyžьcě	*lyžьky
instrumental	*lyžьkojǫ, *lyžьkǫ**	*lyžьkama	*lyžьkami
locative	*lyžьcě	*lyžьku	*lyžьkasъ, *lyžьkaxъ*
vocative	*lyžьko	*lyžьcě	*lyžьky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: лъ́жька (lŭ́žĭka), ло́жька (lóžĭka)
    • Old Ruthenian: ло́жка (lóžka)
      • Belarusian: лы́жка (lýžka)
      • Ukrainian: ло́жка (lóžka)
    • Russian: ло́жка (lóžka)
      • Russian: ло́жечка (lóžečka, “teaspoon”)
    • → Finnish: lusikka
    • → Estonian: lusikas
• South Slavic:
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: лижка

    Latin script: ližka

• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: łëżka
  • Old Polish: łyżka
    • Polish: łyżka
    • Silesian: łyżka, łeżka (Western Silesian)
  • Old Slovak: ložka, lyžka
    • Pannonian Rusyn: ложка (ložka)
    • Slovak: lyžička (“teaspoon”)

References

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lyžьka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 17 (*lъžь – *matješьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 62
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ложка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress