Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lomъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

By surface analysis, *lomiti (“to break”) +‎ *-ъ (o-stem). Cognate with Latvian lams (“piece-wages”), Lithuanian lãmas (“piece, lump, plot, nest”).

Noun

*lomъ m

1. crowbar
2. fracture, breakage

Declension

Declension of *lomъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lomъ	*loma	*lomi
genitive	*loma	*lomu	*lomъ
dative	*lomu	*lomoma	*lomomъ
accusative	*lomъ	*loma	*lomy
instrumental	*lomъmь, *lomomь*	*lomoma	*lomy
locative	*lomě	*lomu	*loměxъ
vocative	*lome	*loma	*lomi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ломъ (lomŭ)
    • Belarusian: лом (lom)
    • Russian: лом (lom)
    • Ukrainian: лім (lim)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: ломъ (lomŭ)

    unspecified script:

  • Bulgarian: лом (lom)
  • Macedonian: лом (lom)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ло̑м

    Latin script: lȏm

  • Slovene: lòm
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: lom
    • Czech: lom
  • Old Polish: łom
    • Polish: łom
  • Slovak: lom
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: lom
    • Upper Sorbian: lom

Non-Slavic descendants:

• → Hungarian: lom

References

• Derksen, Rick (2015) “lamas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lomъI”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 16 (*lokadlo – *lъživьcь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 24
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лом”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress