Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lava

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lā́ˀwāˀ (“place to sleep”); cognate with Lithuanian lóva (“bed”), Latvian lâva (“sweat bench, bench in the bath room, bench at the bar oven or at the parlour oven, sleeping place”).

Reconstruction

The East Slavic and South Slavic languages together show the accent paradigm ⟨a⟩, which is a normal reflex of the accent paradigm ⟨c⟩. True that very often in the two-syllable noun of the accent paradigm ⟨a⟩ Czech language loses its longitude, but this stem, when the suffix *-ъka is added, gives a reflex whose longitude is the reflex of the new acute, and the noun of the accent paradigm ⟨a⟩ do not give this reflex in formations with the suffix *-ъka. This stem behaves similarly in Slovak and Polish languages. In the East Slavic and South Slavic dialects, there is a tendency to generalize root accent.

Noun

*lavà f^[1]

bench

Inflection

Declension of *lavà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lavà	*lȃvě	*lȃvy
genitive	*lavý	*lavù	*lãvъ
dative	*lavě̀	*lavàma	*lavàmъ
accusative	*lȃvǫ	*lȃvě	*lȃvy
instrumental	*lavojǫ́	*lavàma	*lavàmi
locative	*lȃvě	*lavù	lavàsъ, lavàxъ^*
vocative	*lavo	*lȃvě	*lȃvy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Derived terms

*lavъka

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ла́ва (láva),^[2] ла́вица (lávica),^[3] ла́вка (lávka)^[4]
  - Belarusian: ла́ва (láva), ла́ўка (láŭka)
  - Russian: ла́ва (láva), ла́вка (lávka)
  - Ukrainian: ла́ва (láva), ла́вка (lávka)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: ла́вица (lávica), лави́ца (lavíca)
- Slovene: láva
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: lava
  - Czech: lávka, but lava (the dialectal), lavice
    - Moravian (Mistřice): u̯ava
- Kashubian: łωwka, but łava
- Polish: ława, ławka, but łåfka (dialectal), u̯ava (Lesser Poland)
- Slovak: lávka, but lavica

References

^ Dybo, Vladimir A., Zamyatina, Galina I., Nikolaev, Sergei L. (1990) Основы славянской акцентологии [Fundamentals of Slavic Accentology]‎^[1] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 42
^ Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[2] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 163: “ла́ва ― láva”
^ Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[3] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 198: “ла́вица ― lávica”
^ Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[4] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 150: “ла́вка ― lávka”

[1] Dybo, Vladimir A., Zamyatina, Galina I., Nikolaev, Sergei L. (1990) Основы славянской акцентологии [Fundamentals of Slavic Accentology]‎^[1] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 42

[2] Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[2] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 163: “ла́ва ― láva”

[3] Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[3] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 198: “ла́вица ― lávica”

[4] Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[4] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 150: “ла́вка ― lávka”

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