Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krǫžiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *krǫgъ +‎ *-iti. Compare Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to encircle”).

Verb

*krǫžiti

1. to circle

Inflection

Conjugation of *krǫžiti, *krǫži, *krǫžitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*krǫženьje	*krǫžiti	*krǫžitъ	*krǫžilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*krǫženъ	*krǫžimъ
Active	*krǫžь	*krǫžę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*krǫžixъ	*krǫži	*krǫži	*krǫžǫ	*krǫžiši	*krǫžitь
Dual	*krǫžixově	*krǫžista	*krǫžiste	*krǫživě	*krǫžita	*krǫžite
Plural	*krǫžixomъ	*krǫžiste	*krǫžišę	*krǫžimъ	*krǫžite	*krǫžętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*krǫžaaxъ	*krǫžaaše	*krǫžaaše	—	*krǫži	*krǫži
Dual	*krǫžaaxově	*krǫžaašeta	*krǫžaašete	*krǫživě	*krǫžita	—
Plural	*krǫžaaxomъ	*krǫžaašete	*krǫžaaxǫ	*krǫžimъ	*krǫžite	—

Notes:
• (*)*krǫživъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: кружы́ць (kružýcʹ) (dialectal)
  • Russian: кружи́ть (kružítʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: крѫжити (krǫžiti)

  • Bulgarian: кръжа̀ (krǎžà)
  • Macedonian: кружи (kruži)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: кру́жити

    Latin script: krúžiti

  • Slovene: króžiti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: kroužit
  • Kashubian: krążëc
  • Polish: krążyć
  • Slovak: krúžit'
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: kružić
    • Lower Sorbian: kružyś

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*krǫžiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 38