Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьzměna

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *jьz- +‎ *měna (“change”).

Noun

*jьzměna f

1. change, shift
2. treason

Inflection

Declension of *jьzměna (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jьzměna	*jьzměně	*jьzměny
genitive	*jьzměny	*jьzměnu	*jьzměnъ
dative	*jьzměně	*jьzměnama	*jьzměnamъ
accusative	*jьzměnǫ	*jьzměně	*jьzměny
instrumental	*jьzměnojǫ, *jьzměnǫ**	*jьzměnama	*jьzměnami
locative	*jьzměně	*jьzměnu	*jьzměnasъ, *jьzměnaxъ*
vocative	*jьzměno	*jьzměně	*jьzměny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: измѣна (izměna)
    • Old Ruthenian: змѣ́на (změ́na), измѣ́на (izmě́na)
      • Belarusian: зме́на (zmjéna); зьме́на (zʹmjéna) (dialectal)
      • Ukrainian: змі́на (zmína)
    • Russian: изме́на (izména)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:
    • Russian Church Slavonic: измѣна (izměna)
  • Bulgarian: измя́на (izmjána); изме́на (izména) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: измена (izmena)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: и̏змјена, и̏змена

    Latin script: ȉzmjena, ȉzmena

  • Slovene: izmȇna (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: zmiana
  • Czech: změna
  • Polish: zmiana
  • Silesian: zmiana
  • Slovak: zmena

References

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*jьzměna”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 46