Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/goniti
Appearance
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gánīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European gʷʰon-éye-ti, from *gʷʰen- (“to kill, strike”).
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian ganýti (“to graze, to pasture”), Latvian ganît (“to guard, to pasture”), Lithuanian giñti (“to chase, to drive”) (1sg. genù), also gìnti (1sg. ginù), Latvian dzìt (“to chase, to drive, to persecute”) (1sg. dzȩnu), Old Prussian guntwei (“to chase, to drive”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit हन्ति (hánti, “to strike, to kill”), Avestan 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬙𐬌 (jainti), Ancient Greek θείνω (theínō, “to kill”), Albanian gjuaj (“to chase”), Old Irish gonaid (“to injure”).
Verb
[edit]Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of *goniti, *goni, *gonitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*goňenьje | *goniti | *gonitъ | *gonilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *goňenъ | *gonimъ |
Active | *goňь | *gonę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *gonixъ | *goni | *goni | *goňǫ | *goniši | *gonitь |
Dual | *gonixově | *gonista | *goniste | *gonivě | *gonita | *gonite |
Plural | *gonixomъ | *goniste | *gonišę | *gonimъ | *gonite | *gonętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *goňaaxъ | *goňaaše | *goňaaše | — | *goni | *goni |
Dual | *goňaaxově | *goňaašeta | *goňaašete | *gonivě | *gonita | — |
Plural | *goňaaxomъ | *goňaašete | *goňaaxǫ | *gonimъ | *gonite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*gonivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “гнать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 194
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гоню́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*goniti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 23
References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gonìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 177: “v. (b) ‘chase, persecute’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “goniti: gonjǫ gonitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b jage (PR 137)”
Categories:
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰen-
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic verbs
- Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs
- sla-conj with extra parameters/n
- Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-
- Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm b