Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gnǫsьnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Equivalent to *gnǫšati +‎ *-ьnъ

Adjective

*gnǫsьnъ

1. hideous, foul, vile, repulsive

Inflection

Indefinite declension of *gnǫsьnъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*gnǫšьnъ	*gnǫšьna	*gnǫšьno
genitive	*gnǫšьna	*gnǫšьny	*gnǫšьna
dative	*gnǫšьnu	*gnǫšьně	*gnǫšьnu
accusative	*gnǫšьnъ	*gnǫšьnǫ	*gnǫšьno
instrumental	*gnǫšьnomь	*gnǫšьnojǫ	*gnǫšьnomь
locative	*gnǫšьně	*gnǫšьně	*gnǫšьně
vocative	*gnǫšьne	*gnǫšьno	*gnǫšьno
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*gnǫšьna	*gnǫšьně	*gnǫšьně
genitive	*gnǫšьnu	*gnǫšьnu	*gnǫšьnu
dative	*gnǫšьnoma	*gnǫšьnama	*gnǫšьnoma
accusative	*gnǫšьna	*gnǫšьně	*gnǫšьně
instrumental	*gnǫšьnoma	*gnǫšьnama	*gnǫšьnoma
locative	*gnǫšьnu	*gnǫšьnu	*gnǫšьnu
vocative	*gnǫšьna	*gnǫšьně	*gnǫšьně
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*gnǫšьni	*gnǫšьny	*gnǫšьna
genitive	*gnǫšьnъ	*gnǫšьnъ	*gnǫšьnъ
dative	*gnǫšьnomъ	*gnǫšьnamъ	*gnǫšьnomъ
accusative	*gnǫšьny	*gnǫšьny	*gnǫšьna
instrumental	*gnǫšьny	*gnǫšьnami	*gnǫšьny
locative	*gnǫšьněxъ	*gnǫšьnaxъ	*gnǫšьněxъ
vocative	*gnǫšьni	*gnǫšьny	*gnǫšьna

Definite declension of *gnǫsьnъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*gnǫšьnъjь	*gnǫšьnaja	*gnǫšьnoje
genitive	*gnǫšьnajego	*gnǫšьnyję̇	*gnǫšьnajego
dative	*gnǫšьnujemu	*gnǫšьněji	*gnǫšьnujemu
accusative	*gnǫšьnъjь	*gnǫšьnǫjǫ	*gnǫšьnoje
instrumental	*gnǫšьnyjimь	*gnǫšьnǫjǫ	*gnǫšьnyjimь
locative	*gnǫšьnějemь	*gnǫšьněji	*gnǫšьnějemь
vocative	*gnǫšьnъjь	*gnǫšьnaja	*gnǫšьnoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*gnǫšьnaja	*gnǫšьněji	*gnǫšьněji
genitive	*gnǫšьnuju	*gnǫšьnuju	*gnǫšьnuju
dative	*gnǫšьnyjima	*gnǫšьnyjima	*gnǫšьnyjima
accusative	*gnǫšьnaja	*gnǫšьněji	*gnǫšьněji
instrumental	*gnǫšьnyjima	*gnǫšьnyjima	*gnǫšьnyjima
locative	*gnǫšьnuju	*gnǫšьnuju	*gnǫšьnuju
vocative	*gnǫšьnaja	*gnǫšьněji	*gnǫšьněji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*gnǫšьniji	*gnǫšьnyję̇	*gnǫšьnaja
genitive	*gnǫšьnъjixъ	*gnǫšьnъjixъ	*gnǫšьnъjixъ
dative	*gnǫšьnyjimъ	*gnǫšьnyjimъ	*gnǫšьnyjimъ
accusative	*gnǫšьnyję̇	*gnǫšьnyję̇	*gnǫšьnaja
instrumental	*gnǫšьnyjimi	*gnǫšьnyjimi	*gnǫšьnyjimi
locative	*gnǫšьnyjixъ	*gnǫšьnyjixъ	*gnǫšьnyjixъ
vocative	*gnǫšьniji	*gnǫšьnyję̇	*gnǫšьnaja

Related terms

• *gnǫšati
• *gnusiti
• *gnusьnъ
• *gnušati
• *gnьsь

Descendants

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: гнѫсьнъ (gnǫsĭnŭ, “vile, repulsive”)

    Glagolitic script: ⰳⱀⱘⱄⱐⱀⱏ (gnǫsĭnŭ)

  • Bulgarian: гнъ́сен (gnǎ́sen) (archaic)
  • Macedonian: гнасен (gnasen)

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gnǫsьnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 170
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гнъс; гнъсен”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 257