Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gajьka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *gajiti (“to fence, enclose”) +‎ *-ьka.

Noun

*gajьka f

1. that which connects; connector
2. that which serves to prohibit

Inflection

Declension of *gajьka (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gajьka	*gajьcě	*gajьky
genitive	*gajьky	*gajьku	*gajьkъ
dative	*gajьcě	*gajьkama	*gajьkamъ
accusative	*gajьkǫ	*gajьcě	*gajьky
instrumental	*gajьkojǫ, *gajьkǫ**	*gajьkama	*gajьkami
locative	*gajьcě	*gajьku	*gajьkasъ, *gajьkaxъ*
vocative	*gajьko	*gajьcě	*gajьky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Middle Russian: га́йка (gájka) (17ᵗʰ cent.)
    • Russian: га́йка (gájka) (see there for further descendants)
      • → Bulgarian: га́йка (gájka)
    • → Old Ruthenian: га́йка (hájka) (18ᵗʰ cent.)
      • Belarusian: га́йка (hájka)
      • Ukrainian: га́йка (hájka)
• South Slavic:
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Latin script: gȃjka

    Cyrillic script: га̑јка

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hajky pl
    • Czech: hajka f (dialectal)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gajьka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 86
• Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1995), “gajьka”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 7 (ga – gobьdzь), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 30
• Anikin, A. E. (2015) “га́йка I”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 9 (врандовать – галоп), Moscow: Russian Language Institute, →ISBN, page 323
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “га́йка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “га́йка”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 453
• Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “га́йка”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 17
• Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1985), “гайка”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 6 (выостреный – глядати), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, page 243
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “га́йка”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 225