Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/droga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Isolated East Slavic isoglass, likely from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to draw, to run”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *drokos (whence Old Irish droch (“wheel”)), Ancient Greek τροχός (trokhós, “potter's wheel”). Further akin to Proto-Germanic *draganą (“to drag”), Ancient Greek τρέχω (trékhō, “to run”).

Noun

*droga f

1. rail, shaft (of cart)

Declension

Declension of *droga (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*droga	*drodzě	*drogy
genitive	*drogy	*drogu	*drogъ
dative	*drodzě	*drogama	*drogamъ
accusative	*drogǫ	*drodzě	*drogy
instrumental	*drogojǫ, *drogǫ**	*drogama	*drogami
locative	*drodzě	*drogu	*drogasъ, *drogaxъ*
vocative	*drogo	*drodzě	*drogy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *drǫgъ (“pole, stalk”) (via nasal inflex)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: дро́га (dróga), dial. дрога́ (drogá)
  • ⇒ Ukrainian: дро́жка (dróžka) (diminutive)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: дрога (droga), дръга (drǎga, “pole”) (dialectal, merged with descendants of *drǫgъ)

• Non-Slavic descendants:
  • Romanian: droagă

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дрога”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*droga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 123
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дръг, дърг”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 434