Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *duwō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”).

Numeral

Proto-Slavic numbers ^(edit)

	20
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: *dъva     Ordinal: *vъtorъ     Adverbial: *dъva šьdy, *dъvojьťi, *dъva kortь     Multiplier: *dъvojakъ, *dъvojьnъ, *dъva kortьnъ, *dъvogubъ     Collective: *dъvojь     Fractional: *polъ, *polovina

*dъ̏va

1. two

Inflection

Declension of *dъva (hard pronominal)

Dual	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*dъva	*dъvě	*dъvě
Accusative	*dъva	*dъvě	*dъvě
Genitive	*dъvoju	*dъvoju	*dъvoju
Locative	*dъvoju	*dъvoju	*dъvoju
Dative	*dъvěma	*dъvěma	*dъvěma
Instrumental	*dъvěma	*dъvěma	*dъvěma

Derived terms

• *dъva desęte (“twenty”)
• *dъva korti, *dъva korty (“twice”)
• *dъva na desęte (“twelve”)
• *dъva šьdi, *dъva šьdy (“twice”)
• *dъvě sъtě (“two hundred”)
• *dъvěgubь (“double”)
• *dъvěnъky
• *dъvęčiti
• *dъvęka
• *dъvigo (“yoke for 2 bullock”)
• *dъvigъ
  • *dъvidzь (“two-year-old”)
  • *dvigati (“to raise, lift, move up”)
• *dъvina
• *dъvogubъ (“double”)
• *dъvojakъ (“double, twofold”)
• *dъvojь
  • *dъvojanъ
  • *dъvojica
  • *dъvojiti
  • *dъvojьka
  • *dъvojьnъ (“dual”)
• *dъvojьťi (“twice”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дъва (dŭva), два (dva)
    • Old Ruthenian: два (dva)
      • Belarusian: два (dva)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: два (dva)
      • Ukrainian: два (dva)
    • Russian: два (dva)
  • Old Novgorodian: дова (dova), дъва (dŭva)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: дъва (dŭva)

    Glagolitic script: ⰴⱏⰲⰰ (dŭva)

  • Bulgarian: два (dva)
  • Macedonian: два (dva)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: два̑

    Latin script: dvȃ

  • Slovene: dvȃ (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: dva
    • Czech: dva
  • Polabian: dåvo
  • Old Polish: dwa
    • Polish: dwa
    • Silesian: dwa
  • Old Slovak: dva
    • Pannonian Rusyn: два (dva)
    • Slovak: dvaja, dva, dve
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: dwa
    • Slovincian: dwa
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: dwa
    • Upper Sorbian: dwaj

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “два”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “два”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 232
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*d(ъ)va”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 185
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “два”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa