Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bičь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Analysable as *bìti (“to beat”) +‎ *-čь.

Noun

*bičь m

1. whip

Inflection

Declension of *bičь (soft o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bičь	*biča	*biči
genitive	*biča	*biču	*bičь
dative	*biču	*bičema	*bičemъ
accusative	*bičь	*biča	*bičę̇
instrumental	*bičьmь, *bičemь*	*bičema	*biči
locative	*biči	*biču	*bičixъ
vocative	*biču	*biča	*biči

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: бичь (bičĭ)
    • Belarusian: біч (bič)
    • Russian: бич (bič)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: бич (byč)
    • Ukrainian: бич (byč)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: бичь (bičĭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰱⰻⱍⱐ (bičĭ)

  • Bulgarian: бич (bič)
  • Macedonian: бич (bič)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: би̏ч

    Latin script: bȉč

  • Slovene: bìč
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: bič
    • Czech: bič
      • Bohemian (Chod dialect): bjič
  • Kashubian: bicz
  • Old Polish: bicz
    • Polish: bicz
  • Kashubian: bicz
  • Slovak: bič
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: bič
    • Lower Sorbian: bic

• Non-Slavic:
• → German: Peitsche
  • → Danish: pisk
    • Norwegian Bokmål: pisk
  • → Norwegian Nynorsk: pisk
  • → Polish: pejcz
  • → Swedish: piska
• → Romanian: bici

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bičь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 94
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бич”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress