Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/(j)edъva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

The first element is possibly the same as in *edinъ (see there for more). For *-va, confer Bulgarian дава́ (davá, “probably, perhaps”) and Czech sotva. Furthermore, cognate with Lithuanian võs (“hardly”), vos ne vos (“scarcely”).

Variations with l- possibly contain a particle *le (see еле).

Adverb

*(j)edъva

1. barely, scarcely

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • ⇒ Belarusian: ледзь (ljedzʹ), ледзьве (ljedzʹvje)
  • Russian: едва́ (jedvá)
  • ⇒ Ukrainian: ледь (ledʹ), ле́две (lédve)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: ѥдва (jedva), ѥдъва (jedŭva)
  • Bulgarian: едва́ (edvá)
  • Macedonian: едвај (edvaj), одвај (odvaj)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: је̏два

    Latin script: jȅdva

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: jedva
    • Czech: jedva, ledva
      • Bohemian (Chod dialect): jedva
  • ⇒ Old Polish: jedwo, ledwo
    • Polish: ledwo
      • ⇒ Polish: ledwie
  • ⇒ Kashubian: ledvje, ledwœ (Ramułt's dictionary)
  • Old Slovak: ledva, ledve, ledvo, ledvom, ledvy
    • Pannonian Rusyn: лєдво (ljedvo)
    • Slovak: ledva
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: lědba
    • Upper Sorbian: lědma

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “едва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress