Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ǫty

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*ǫ̀ty

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ánˀtō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts (“duck”). Cognate with Latin anas, Proto-Germanic *anadz (whence English ennet).

Noun

*ǫ̀ty f

1. duck

   Synonyms: *kačьka, *patica, *manica, *putъka, *šatъka

Inflection

Declension of *ǫty (hard v-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ǫty	*ǫ̀tъvi	*ǫ̀tъvi
genitive	*ǫ̀tъve	*ǫ̀tъvu	*ǫ̀tъvъ
dative	*ǫ̀tъvi	*ǫ̀tъvьma, *ǫ̀tъvama*	*ǫ̀tъvьmъ, *ǫ̀tъvamъ*
accusative	*ǫ̀tъvь	*ǫ̀tъvi	*ǫ̀tъvi
instrumental	*ǫ̀tъvьjǫ, *ǫ̀tъvľǭ**	*ǫ̀tъvьma, *ǫ̀tъvama*	*ǫ̀tъvьmī, *ǫ̀tъvamī*
locative	*ǫ̀tъve	*ǫ̀tъvu	*ǫ̀tъvьxъ, *ǫ̀tъvaxъ*
vocative	*ǫty	*ǫ̀tъvi	*ǫ̀tъvi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *ǫtь (“duck”)
  • *ǫtę (“duckling”)
    • *ǫtenъkъ (“duckling”) (diminutive, East Slavic)
    • *ǫtęťь (“duck-related”) (East Slavic)
  • *ǫtica, *ǫtъka (“duck”) (diminutive)
  • *ǫtìnъ (“duck-related”) (East Slavic)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: оу́тꙑ (úty, “wild duck”)
    • Old Ruthenian: у́тва (útva)
      • Belarusian: ву́тва (vútva), вутва́ (vutvá) (dialectal)
      • Ukrainian: у́тва (útva)
    • Russian: утва́ pl (utvá, “ducks”) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: ѫтꙑ (ǫty)

    Glagolitic script: ⱘⱅⱏⰹ (ǫty)

    • Bulgarian: у́тва (útva) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: у̏тва (“wild duck”)

    Latin script: ȕtva (“wild duck”)

  • Slovene: ọ̑tva (“wild duck”)

Further reading

• Zhuravlyov, A. F., Varbot, Zh. Zh., editors (2016), “*ǫty”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 40 (*ǫborъkъ – *pakъla), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 92
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “у́тка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress