Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žeťi
Appearance
(Redirected from Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žegti)
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From earlier *gegti, reflecting an irregular change *d > *g from *degti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *degtéi, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰégʷʰeti. Cognate with Lithuanian dègti, Latvian degt, Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰáǰʰati, Albanian djeg.
The assimilation *d-g- > *g-g- in Slavic probably have spread from the 0-grade forms, which created a similar environment to the so-called thorn clusters in Proto-Indo-European. Compare the descendants of Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to dwindle, to perish”).
Verb
[edit]*žeťì impf (perfective *žegnǫti)[1][2][3][4]
- (transitive) to burn
- to heat up
Alternative forms
[edit]Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of *žeťi, *žeže, *žьžetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*žeženьje | *žeťi | *žeťь | *žeglъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *žeženъ | *žьgomъ |
Active | *žegъ | *žьgy |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *žeg(ox)ъ | *žeže | *žeže | *žьgǫ | *žьžeši | *žьžetь |
Dual | *žeg(ox)ově | *žeg(e/os)ta | *žeg(e/os)te | *žьževě | *žьžeta | *žьžete |
Plural | *žeg(ox)omъ | *žeg(e/os)te | *žegǫ, *žegošę | *žьžemъ | *žьžete | *žьgǫtь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *žьžaaxъ | *žьžaaše | *žьžaaše | — | *žьdzi | *žьdzi |
Dual | *žьžaaxově | *žьžaašeta | *žьžaašete | *žьdzěvě | *žьdzěta | — |
Plural | *žьžaaxomъ | *žьžaašete | *žьžaaxǫ | *žьdzěmъ | *žьdzěte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *žegeste ⇒ *žežeste, ...
Conjugation of *žeťi, *žeže, *žežetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*žeženьje | *žeťi | *žeťь | *žeglъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *žeženъ | *žegomъ |
Active | *žegъ | *žegy |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *žeg(ox)ъ | *žeže | *žeže | *žegǫ | *žežeši | *žežetь |
Dual | *žeg(ox)ově | *žeg(e/os)ta | *žeg(e/os)te | *žeževě | *žežeta | *žežete |
Plural | *žeg(ox)omъ | *žeg(e/os)te | *žegǫ, *žegošę | *žežemъ | *žežete | *žegǫtь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *žežaaxъ | *žežaaše | *žežaaše | — | *žьdzi | *žьdzi |
Dual | *žežaaxově | *žežaašeta | *žežaašete | *žьdzěvě | *žьdzěta | — |
Plural | *žežaaxomъ | *žežaašete | *žežaaxǫ | *žьdzěmъ | *žьdzěte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *žegeste ⇒ *žežeste, ...
Conjugation of *žeťi, *žeže, *žežetь (impf., -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*žeženьje | *žeťi | *žeťь | *žeglъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *žeženъ | *žegomъ |
Active | *žegъ | *žegy |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *žaxъ | *žeže | *žeže | *žegǫ | *žežeši | *žežetь |
Dual | *žaxově | *žasta | *žaste | *žeževě | *žežeta | *žežete |
Plural | *žaxomъ | *žaste | *žašę | *žežemъ | *žežete | *žegǫtь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *žežaaxъ | *žežaaše | *žežaaše | — | *žьdzi | *žьdzi |
Dual | *žežaaxově | *žežaašeta | *žežaašete | *žьdzěvě | *žьdzěta | — |
Plural | *žežaaxomъ | *žežaašete | *žežaaxǫ | *žьdzěmъ | *žьdzěte | — |
Derived terms
[edit]- *žežiti (“to heat, to warm up to incandescence”)
- *žьgovati (“to brand, to burn”)
- *žigъ (“burn mark, brand”)
- *žežьkъ (“hot, torrid, incandescent”)
- *žega (“heat, swelter”)
- *žestokъ (“cruel”) (probably)
- *žestostь (“cruelty”) (probably)
Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “żec”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna, page 663-664
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жгу”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “жечь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 301
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жег”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 529
References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žegti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 554: “v. (c) ‘burn’”
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “degti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 119: “*žegtì v. (c) ‘burn’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “žegti: žegǫ (žьgǫ) žežetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c brænde (PR 139)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “žgáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*žet'i̋”
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “žhnout”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 818
- ^ “žíci”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
Categories:
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰegʷʰ-
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic verbs
- Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs
- Proto-Slavic transitive verbs
- sla-conj with extra parameters/n
- Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -C-
- Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c