Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jěxati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Derived from *jěti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *jā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian jóti (“to ride”), Latvian jât (“to ride”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit याति (yāti), Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (yāⁱti), Hittite [script needed] (iya-), Tocharian B yā-.

Verb

*jě̀xati impf

1. to go, to ride

Inflection

Conjugation of *jěxati, *jěxa, *ědetь (?, -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*jěxanьje	*jěxati	*jěxatъ	*jěxalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*jěxanъ	*ědomъ
Active	*jěxavъ	*ědy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*jěxaxъ	*jěxa	*jěxa	*ědǫ	*ědeši	*ědetь
Dual	*jěxaxově	*jěxasta	*jěxaste	*ědevě	*ědeta	*ědete
Plural	*jěxaxomъ	*jěxaste	*jěxašę	*ědemъ	*ědete	*ědǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*jěxaaxъ	*jěxaaše	*jěxaaše	—	*ědi	*ědi
Dual	*jěxaaxově	*jěxaašeta	*jěxaašete	*ěděvě	*ěděta	—
Plural	*jěxaaxomъ	*jěxaašete	*jěxaaxǫ	*ěděmъ	*ěděte	—

Alternative forms

• *jàxati

Related terms

• *jě̀ti (“to ride”)
• *ěto (“herd, flock”)
• *ězda (“ride”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ѣхати (jěxati), ꙗхати (jaxati)
    • Old Ruthenian: ѣ́хати (jě́xati), ꙗ́хати (jáxati)
      • Belarusian: е́хаць (jéxacʹ)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: ї́хати (jíxaty) (rare)
      • Ukrainian: ї́хати (jíxaty)
    • Russian: е́хать (jéxatʹ)
  • Old Novgorodian: ѣхати (jěxati)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: ꙗхати (jaxati)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: я́хам (jáham)
  • Macedonian: јава (java)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ја̏хати

    Latin script: jȁhati

  • Slovene: jāhati (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: jechat
  • Old Polish: jechać, jachać
    • Polish: jechać, jachać (Middle Polish, regional)
    • Silesian: jechać
  • Old Slovak: jachať
    • Slovak: jachať
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: jachac
    • Slovincian: jachac
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: jěchać
    • Lower Sorbian: jěś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “еду”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jaxati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 169