Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/gip

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Etymology

• Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *grip (Coblin, 1986)
  • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *gip (Matisoff, STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Chou, 1972)

Numeral

Proto-Sino-Tibetan numerals
ONE	*ʔit *kat *tjak ~ g-t(j)ik
TWO	*g/s-ni-s
THREE	*g-sum
FOUR	*b-ləj
FIVE	*l/b-ŋa
SIX	*d-k-ruk
SEVEN	*s-ni-s
EIGHT	*b-r-gjat ~ b-g-rjat
NINE	*d/s-kəw
TEN	*gip *ts(j)i(j) ~ tsjaj
TWENTY	*m-kul
HUNDRED	*b-r-gja
THOUSAND	*s-tawŋ

*gip

1. ten

Descendants

• Old Chinese: 十 (shí) /*t.ɡəp/ (B-S), /*ɡjub/ (ZS) ("ten")

  → Khmer: ដប់ (dop, “ten”)

  (十 in the oracle bone script)

  (十 in the small seal script)

  • Middle Chinese: 十 (shí) /d͡ʑiɪp/

**:

→ Japanese: 十 (じゅう, ​jū)
Korean: 십 (十, sip)
Vietnamese: thập (十)

• • → Thai: สิบ (sip, “ten”)
    Lao: ສິບ (sip, “ten”)
    Shan: သိပ်း (síp, “ten”)

    • Modern Mandarin
      • Beijing: 十 (shí) (shí, /ʂʐ̩³⁵/)
    • Cantonese
      • Guangzhou: 十 (shí) /sɐp̚²/
    • Wu
      • Shanghai: 十 (shí) /z̻ə̆ʔ¹²/
  • Min
    • Min Nan
      • Taiwan: 十 (shí) /t͡sap̚⁵/ (colloquial), /ɕip̚⁵/ (literary)
• Tangut-Qiang
  • Northern Tangut
    • Tangut: 𗫥 (*dźjɨ̣¹, “ten, decade”)
• Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
  • Lolo-Burmese
    • Burmish
      • Written Burmese: ကျိပ် (kyip, “numerical classifier denoting "tens"”)

See also

• *ts(j)i(j) ~ tsjaj (“ten”)