Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/naḥat-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Alternative reconstructions

• *nax̣at-

Verb

*naḥat-

1. to whittle, to hew, to carve
2. (figurative) to chide, to scold, to opprobriate

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/naḥat- (paʕala)

verbal noun					*naḥt-
active participle					*nāḥit-
passive participle					*naḥīt-, *naḥūt-
		singular				dual				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	*naḥatku	*naḥatka	*naḥata		*naḥatkayā	*naḥatkā	*naḥatā		*naḥatna	*naḥatkanu	*naḥatū
	f		*naḥatki	*naḥatat				*naḥatatā			*naḥatkina	*naḥatā
imperfect	m	*ʔanḥut	*tanḥut	*yinḥut		*tanḥutā	*yanḥutā	*ninḥut		*tanḥutū	*yinḥutū
	f		*tanḥutī	*tanḥut			*tanḥutā			*tanḥutā	*yinḥutā
imperative	m		*naḥut			*naḥutā				*naḥutū
	f		*naḥutī							*naḥutā

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒉡𒄴𒄷𒌅 (nuḫḫutum, “to trim, to hew”)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: نَحَتَ (naḥata)
  • Northwest Semitic:
    • Ugaritic: 𐎐𐎈𐎚 (nḥt /⁠naḥata⁠/)
  • Old South Arabian:
    • Sabaean: 𐩬𐩢𐩩 (nḥt, “opprobrium, obloquy”, originally verbal noun)
  • → Old Armenian: նախատեմ (naxatem, “to reproach; to insult”)

References

• Tropper, Josef (1995) “Akkadisch nuḫḫutu und die Repräsentation des Phonems /ḥ/ im Akkadischen”, in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie (in German), volume 85, number 1, →DOI, pages 58–66